Clinical characteristics of patients with Epstein Barr virus in cerebrospinal fluid

Martelius, Timi; Lappalainen, Maija; Palomäki, Maarit; Anttila, Veli‐Jukka

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-281

Cited by 88 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Many cancer patients present immunosuppression, which may be caused by aging, by the disease itself or even by medications, and EBV and other silent viruses may be activated in this manner. 26,27 The EBV genome is complex and comprises at least 12 known genes; however, the most famous EBV transforming protein is LMP1 (latent-infection membrane protein 1). 28 In spite of all of this knowledge, the role of EBV in glioma tumorigenesis is still not understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences in human gliomas

et al. 2015

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis and is also associated with several human tumors, including Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, some cases of gastric carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, among other neoplasms. The aim of this study was to screen 75 primary gliomas for the presence of specific EBV DNA sequences by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with confirmation by direct sequencing. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prevalence study on EBV molecular genetics at a molecular pathology laboratory in a university hospital and at an applied genetics laboratory in a national institution. METHODS: A total of 75 primary glioma biopsies and 6 others from other tumors from the central nervous system were obtained. The tissues were immediately frozen for subsequent DNA extraction by means of traditional methods using proteinase K digestion and extraction with a phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol mixture. DNA was precipitated with ethanol, resuspended in buffer and stored. The PCRs were carried out using primers for amplification of the EBV BamM region. Positive and negative controls were added to each reaction. The PCR products were used for direct sequencing for confirmation. RESULTS:The viral sequences were positive in 11/75 (14.7%) of our samples. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of EBV DNA was 11/75 (14.7%) in our glioma collection. Further molecular and epidemiological studies are needed to establish the possible role played by EBV in the tumorigenesis of gliomas. RESUMO

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences in human gliomas

et al. 2015

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“…Involvement of EBV in CNS includes encephalitis, meningitis, cerebellitis, myelitis, plexitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [2,[4][5][6]. This case report aims to describe a patient with lung tuberculosis showing symptoms and signs of meningoencephalitis caused by EBV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis was made by EBV-DNA amplification in cerebrospinal fluid samples. In this case report, we aim to describe a meningoencephalitis caused by EBV in adult with underlying other organ infection.have antibodies to the virus [1,2]. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in primary EBV infection in adults is rare, with less than 8% of cases found.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in primary EBV infection in adults is rare, with less than 8% of cases found. EBV was found as a causative agent in 2 to 5% of viral encephalitis and meningitis cases [3].Involvement of EBV in CNS includes encephalitis, meningitis, cerebellitis, myelitis, plexitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [2,[4][5][6]. This case report aims to describe a patient with lung tuberculosis showing symptoms and signs of meningoencephalitis caused by EBV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have antibodies to the virus [1,2]. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in primary EBV infection in adults is rare, with less than 8% of cases found.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Meningoencephalitis Caused by Epstein-barr Virus in Adult with Lung Tuberculosis

Widayanti¹,

Tjoa²,

Tasia³

et al. 2017

JNSK

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections usually cause mild symptoms and resolves spontaneously, however the virus may cause severe complications such as neurological diseases, malignant diseases and myocarditis. Determining a diagnosis requires molecular, serological and imaging procedures. The therapeutic modalities for EBV-related severe organ damage including central nervous system manifestations are still uncertain. We report a 31-year-old man with lung tuberculosis with EBV meningoencephalitis presenting with prolonged fever and altered consciousness. Cranial imaging was consistent with meningoencephalitis characteristics. The diagnosis was made by EBV-DNA amplification in cerebrospinal fluid samples. In this case report, we aim to describe a meningoencephalitis caused by EBV in adult with underlying other organ infection.have antibodies to the virus [1,2]. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in primary EBV infection in adults is rare, with less than 8% of cases found. EBV was found as a causative agent in 2 to 5% of viral encephalitis and meningitis cases [3].Involvement of EBV in CNS includes encephalitis, meningitis, cerebellitis, myelitis, plexitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [2,[4][5][6]. This case report aims to describe a patient with lung tuberculosis showing symptoms and signs of meningoencephalitis caused by EBV. Case ReportA 31-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a history of unconsciousness since the day before admission. He previously had 6 days of fluctuating fever and headache. The patient had some behavioral changes since six days before admission such as deliriousness, incoherence and anxiousness. There were involuntary movements in both his hands. He was diagnosed with miliary type lung tuberculosis (TB) 3 months ago. He was given a regimen of antituberculosis drugs which he consumed for only two months before stopping for one month.On admission, he was sopor (Glasgow Coma Scale E2M5V2) and his vital signs recorded were blood pressure 110/70 mmHg, heart rate 70x/minute, respiratory rate 32x/minute, and temperature 37oC. There was crackles in right lung examination. In the neurologic examination there was nuchal rigidity, positive Kernig sign, hemiparesis in right extremities, and positive Babinski sign.Initial investigations including hematologic, liver function, renal function and random plasma glucose did not show any abnormalities, except for a decrease in serum sodium 123 mmol/L. Anti-HIV test was negative, with normal CD4 count, CD 8 count and CD4:CD8 ratio. Serology test for syphilis were normal. Blood culture was negative for bacteria.The chest X-ray revealed no abnormality at this admission. Contrast-enhanced CT scan conducted on admission was consistent with meningoencephalitis characteristics and hydrocephalus sign was noted. He was diagnosed with TB meningoencephalitis and lung tuberculosis with history incompliance to TB therapy. He was treated with ceftriaxone, the same antituberculosis drug regimen and dexamethasone therapy with tapering...

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Viral Encephalitis

Jones

2015

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Viral encephalitis can result from direct invasion of the brain or indirectly through immune‐mediated effects. Syndromes of infection‐associated encephalopathies can also occur without direct brain invasion, and autoimmune encephalitides can be triggered by viruses. Here, we review the epidemiology and pathogenesis of encephalitis by virus families, and consider diagnosis, management and prevention. Age, immune competency and geographic location influence aetiology. HSV is the commonest sporadic viral encephalitis in adults and older children in the developed world. Nonpolio enteroviruses and Japanese encephalitis virus are additional common causes in young children, particularly in developing countries. Rabies is the leading cause of fatal encephalitis worldwide. Outbreaks of infectious encephalitis may signal emergence of novel viruses or changes in distribution of known viruses. Better deployment and/or development of vaccines and therapies are required to prevent viral encephalitis. Further research is needed to clarify the role of immune modulation in viral encephalitis. Key Concepts Viral encephalitis (brain inflammation with cerebral dysfunction) can result from direct invasion of the brain or indirectly from immune‐mediated pathology. Viral‐associated encephalopathies such as those associated with influenza virus infection are not usually associated with detection of virus in the CSF. The causes of viral encephalitis are influenced by geographic location, age, immune competency, the availability of effective vaccines or antivirals and the season. Outbreaks of viral encephalitis can indicate emerging viral pathogens of public health significance or spread of vector‐borne and zoonotic viral encephalitides to new geographic locations. Increases of zoonotic encephalitis such as rabies have recently occurred in countries where they were previously eradicated, and indicate a global need for a one health (animal and human) approach to prevention. Empiric antiviral therapy should be commenced early in suspected viral encephalitis cases but promptly ceased when herpes simplex virus encephalitis has been excluded. There may be a role for early institution of immune suppression in some forms of viral encephalitis. Many cases of encephalitis are lost opportunities for prevention due to missed opportunities for vaccination or ineffective immunisation programs vaccines. Viral encephalitis continues to cause ongoing high burden of death and disability, particularly in childhood.

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Clinical characteristics of patients with Epstein Barr virus in cerebrospinal fluid

Cited by 88 publications

References 13 publications

Frequency of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences in human gliomas

Frequency of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences in human gliomas

Meningoencephalitis Caused by Epstein-barr Virus in Adult with Lung Tuberculosis

Viral Encephalitis

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