Clinical Characteristics of Patients Deemed to Require Long-Term Hospitalization in a Civil or Forensic Psychiatric Setting

Dumont, Mathieu; Dumais, Alexandre; Briand, Catherine; Côté, Gilles; Lesage, Alain; Dubreucq, Jean-Luc

doi:10.1080/14999013.2012.690019

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“… 2 – 6 Although most people with schizophrenia are not violent, 7 , 8 individuals suffering from schizophrenia were found to be 2.1–4.6 times more likely to commit a violent crime or engage in violent behavior than the general population, even when taking into account socioeconomic status (SES), comorbid substance use, and personality disorders. 2 , 9 , 10 In addition to promoting stigmatization and victimization of all persons with mental health problems, 11 violent behavior by persons with schizophrenia has important consequences for the health and criminal justice systems, as shown by increasing numbers of forensic hospitals, longer periods in hospital, 12 , 13 and increased rates of incarceration, 14 all of which increase costs. Given that these consequences added to the suffering of the victims, their families, and the perpetrators, it is imperative to identify the neural mechanisms underlying violence in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Tikàsz

Potvin

Lungu

et al. 2016

NDT

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BackgroundEvidence suggests a 2.1–4.6 times increase in the risk of violent behavior in schizophrenia compared to the general population. Current theories propose that the processing of negative emotions is defective in violent individuals and that dysfunctions within the neural circuits involved in emotion processing are implicated in violence. Although schizophrenia patients show enhanced sensitivity to negative stimuli, there are only few functional neuroimaging studies that have examined emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violence.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify the brain regions with greater neurofunctional alterations, as detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging during an emotion processing task, of men with schizophrenia who had engaged in violent behavior compared with those who had not.MethodsSixty men were studied; 20 with schizophrenia and a history of violence, 19 with schizophrenia and no violence, and 21 healthy men were scanned while viewing positive, negative, and neutral images.ResultsNegative images elicited hyperactivations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left and right lingual gyrus, and the left precentral gyrus in violent men with schizophrenia, compared to nonviolent men with schizophrenia and healthy men. Neutral images elicited hyperactivations in the right and left middle occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus, and the left fusiform gyrus in violent men with schizophrenia, compared to the other two groups.DiscussionViolent men with schizophrenia displayed specific increases in ACC in response to negative images. Given the role of the ACC in information integration, these results indicate a specific dysfunction in the processing of negative emotions that may trigger violent behavior in men with schizophrenia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Tikàsz

Potvin

Lungu

et al. 2016

NDT

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“…Several factors can have an impact on LOS, such as a country's jurisdiction, changes in criminal justice policy (Grove, MacLeod, & Godfrey, 1998), changes in the organization of a country's mental health system (Sharma et al, 2015), and patient characteristics (Davoren et al, 2015;Dumont et al, 2012;Moran, Fragala, Wise, & Novak, 1999;Shah et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient characteristics related to length of stay in Dutch forensic psychiatric care

Eckert¹,

Schel²,

Kennedy

et al. 2017

The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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Create an overview of characteristics of patients in long-term forensic psychiatric care (LFPC) with a higher length of stay (LOS) care compared to patients in regular forensic psychiatric care (RFPC) with a shorter LOS. Data were collected from 139 patient records. This study examined whether patients in LFPC differ from patients in RFPC on sociodemographic data, legal data and clinical data and whether those characteristics are able to predict LOS. Patients in LFPC were more often born in a Dutch Caribbean country, less often had a substance abuse disorder, were more often emotionally neglected during childhood, had a higher HCR-20 risk item score, a higher security needs score, a higher (less successful) recovery score, were more often recidivist and had absconded more often than RFPC patients. Certain characteristics were able to distinguish the longer LOS group which might be useful to establish sequel services and enhance treatment efficiency.

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“…In addition, to ensure continuity in the research team's work, results were compared with an unpublished literature review on the same subject conducted in 2012 (results discussed in Dumont et al, 2012). This review was a part of the first author's master degree requirements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They exhibit higher level of impulsivity and prevalence of comorbid antisocial personality disorder and substance use disorder (Dumais et al, 2010). Having committed a violent offense, non-compliance with rules and aggressive or inappropriate behaviors appear to be issues limiting the integration of these individuals into the community (Dumont et al, 2012;Ross et al, 2012;Dumais et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial approaches for individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings: a rapid review

Dumont

Thériault

Briand³

et al. 2018

JFP

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the psychosocial approaches that have been studied and for which positive outcomes have been reported for individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings. Design/methodology/approach A rapid review of the literature was undertaken. A search was conducted on MEDLINE and PsycNET electronic databases. Each identified approach was analyzed to define their types and components. Findings In total, 24 studies pertaining to 18 different psychosocial approaches were identified. Half of the studies used a quasi-experimental design with control group. Most frequent outcomes reported were improvements in knowledge about illness and problem solving. Seven studies reported positive outcomes related to issues more specific to this population (violence, aggression, and recidivism). Approaches associated with these studies used mainly traditional cognitive behavior therapy and cognitive remediation. The focus was on neurocognition, social cognition, social skills, emotion management and problem solving. Practical implications This rapid review may enlighten clinical settings on psychosocial approaches for which positive outcomes have been reported with individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings. The picture obtained supports the idea of using integrated rehabilitation approaches that cover the aforementioned intervention focuses with this population. Originality/value A significant contribution of the rapid review is based on the analysis of the psychosocial approaches identified. This process offers a closer look at the nature and content of the approaches used according to the outcomes reported.

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Clinical Characteristics of Patients Deemed to Require Long-Term Hospitalization in a Civil or Forensic Psychiatric Setting

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Patient characteristics related to length of stay in Dutch forensic psychiatric care

Psychosocial approaches for individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings: a rapid review

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