Clinical characteristics of cortical multiple sclerosis

Zarei, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2005.08.025

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…A rarely occurring variant of MS, with an exclusive impairment of cognitive function, has also been described [14]. Cognitive deficit can be detected in benign MS patients (BMS) [15]; however it has been shown that CI tends to increase with worsening disability [7] and disease duration [16, 17] and could be associated with the onset of a progressive disease course [5, 17, 18].…”

Section: Cognitive Impairment and Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray Matters in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Impairment and Structural MRI

Messina

Patti

2014

Multiple Sclerosis International

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease affecting central nervous system (CNS). Although MS is classically considered a white matter (WM) disease, the involvement of gray matter (GM) in the pathogenic process has been confirmed by pathology studies and MRI studies. Impairment of cognitive domains such as memory, mental processing speed, attention, and executive function can occur from the early stage of the disease and tends to worsen over time, despite stable physical symptoms. WM demyelination is moderately correlated with CI, suggesting that probably WM abnormalities alone cannot fully explain the extent of clinical symptoms in MS, including CI. Several MRI techniques have shown the involvement of GM in MS and the association between GM damage, physical disability, and CI. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of CI and GM damage assessed by structural brain MRI.

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Section: Cognitive Impairment and Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray Matters in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Impairment and Structural MRI

Messina

Patti

2014

Multiple Sclerosis International

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“…proposed, with patients showing predominant or exclusive cognitive decline starting from disease onset [38,39]. The most significant and meaningful clinicocognitive correlations might be obtained from an analysis of functional subsystems within the brain.…”

Section: Classification According To Kiddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray matter pathology in (chronic) MS: Modern views on an early observation

Geurts

Stys

Minagar

et al. 2009

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

101

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Involvement of the gray matter (GM) in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) was already recognized in the early days of MS research, but the detection of (cortical) GM lesions under the microscope and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques was initially suboptimal and could only recently be enhanced. The visualization of GM lesions in vivo opens new doors for studies focusing on clinical, especially cognitive, effects of GM pathology, as well as for monitoring of neuroprotective treatment. However, so far little is known about what causes GM pathology. In this review, several pathogenetic mechanisms will be discussed, affecting the MS brain both from the 'outside-in' and from the 'inside-out'. Also, the use and reliability of MRI atrophy measures as a monitoring tool for GM damage in the therapeutic setting will be reviewed.

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“…The emerging appreciation of cortical pathological processes in MS[60–62] may describe the pathologic substrate of the described clinical entity of “cortical multiple sclerosis,” [63, 64] and, possibly, of the observed increased rate of seizures in MS.[59] Cortical demyelination is a very common pathological finding. [57, 58, 60, 61] This finding, taken together with the relatively uncommon development of seizures among MS patients, argues that other factors are also important and that our understanding of the clinical and pathological relevance of cortical demyelination is incomplete.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Kelley

Rodriguez

2009

CNS Drugs

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Seizures have been recognized to occur in multiple sclerosis since early descriptions of the disease. Various studies have attempted to determine the incidence and prevalence of seizures in multiple sclerosis; although they differ in the reported prevalence, seizures do appear to be more common in multiple sclerosis cohorts than in the general population.The pathological underpinning of seizures in multiple sclerosis remains indeterminate. Cortical and subcortical demyelination and inflammation may explain the increased frequency of seizures in multiple sclerosis, although this hypothetical correlation remains to be proven.Management of seizures in multiple sclerosis is similar to the management of seizures in other patients. Consideration of the underlying neurological deficits related to multiple sclerosis may be necessary, and dosages should be adjusted if increased sensitivity to antiepileptic side effects or interaction with other centrally-acting medications is suspected. The prognosis of epilepsy in patients with MS remains uncertain, with some studies suggesting a more favorable prognosis than others.

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Clinical characteristics of cortical multiple sclerosis

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

Gray Matters in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Impairment and Structural MRI

Gray Matters in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Impairment and Structural MRI

Gray matter pathology in (chronic) MS: Modern views on an early observation

Seizures in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

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