Clinical Characteristics of Abutment Teeth with Gingival Discoloration

BackgroundWhen implants are restored with cement-retained restorations, prosthetic retrievability can be difficult and often requires sectioning using rotary instruments. Sometimes repeated removals of a cement-retained implant crown are needed such as for treatment of peri-implantitis or immediate implant provisionalization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser as a non-invasive treatment modality to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments following long-term cementation, repetitive debonding and re-cementation, and short-term retrieval.Material and methodsTwenty identical lithium disilicate crowns were cemented onto zirconia prefabricated abutments using composite resin cement. Ten cemented crowns were removed at 48 hours after cementation as a short-term group (ST), while another 10 were removed 6 months after cementation as a long-term group (LT). To mimicking repetitive recementation and retrieval, the LT crowns were then recemented and removed after 48 hours as a long-term recemention (LTR) group. The LTR crowns were then again recemented and removed after 48 hours as a long-term repeated recemention (LTRR) group. Er:YAG laser was used to facilitate the retrieval of these crowns. recorded and analyzed using ANOVA and t-test. The surfaces of the crown and the abutment were further examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Temperature changes of the abutment and crown upto 10 minutes were also measured and statistically analyzed (paired t-test).ResultsThe average times of crown removal from zirconia abutments were 4 minutes (min) and 42 second (sec) in LT to 3 min 24 sec in LTR, and 3 min 12 sec in LTRR and ST groups. LTR took the longest time to remove, statistically (ANOVA and t-test, p < .001). No statistical differences were observed among the removal times of LTR, LTRR, and ST groups (t-test, p = .246, .246 and 1). SEM examination of the material surface showed no visual surface damaging from treatment with Er:YAG laser. The temperatures during irradiation ranged from 18.4°C to 20°C and 22.2°C to 24.5°C (Paired t-test, p < .0001) for the abutment and the crown during irradiation from 1 min to 10 mins.ConclusionsLong-term cementation can increase time in lithium disilicate crown removal from zirconia abutment using Er:YAG. Er:YAG laser is a non-invasive tool to remove cement-retained implant prostheses and should be considered as a viable alternative to rotary instruments.

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“…Zirconia abutments have therefore an advantage over the metal abutment especially in patients with thin gingival biotype. [2,3,8,9]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Er:YAG laser to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments: An in vitro study

et al. 2019

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“…In practice, the possibility of obtaining thiophene oxabicyclohexane derivatives varied depending on the structure of the starting materials. Thus, for 2-(cyclopent-1-en-3-yl)thiophenes, the oxidation of the double bond was easier, while for 2-(cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-5-methyl-thiophenes it was difficult or occurred synchronously with the oxidation of sulfur in the aromatic core (30)(31)(32)(33) . Modern laboratories use molecular docking for preliminary monitoring of the biological activity of compounds examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation reactions of cyclopent-2-en-1-yl thiophene derivatives

Klimko,

Pisanenko,

Koshchii

et al. 2023

Innovaciencia

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Introduction: Thiophene derivatives are common in a large number of natural compounds. In addition, their biological activity provides great opportunities for synthetic organic chemistry. In particular, cyclopentenylthiophenes have high antimicrobial activity, can affect various inflammatory mechanisms, and can be effective in the treatment of cancer. However, in research, it is essential to first learn how to obtain compounds in pure form and to select such synthesis conditions that, when scaled up and introduced into widespread production, the affordability and safety of the processes would meet the needs of both consumers and pharmaceutical companies. Material and Methods: As an oxidant, meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid was used, which allowed exploring its oxidative properties and advantages of use in more detail. Results and Discussion: In the course of this work, several cyclopentenylthiophene derivatives were synthesised, the ratio of isomers in the synthesis of these compounds was analysed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods were discussed. On the other hand, there are several issues that require additional research, including the effect of temperature conditions, electrophilicity of substituents and other factors on the course of the epoxidation reaction for cyclopentenylthiophenes. Conclusion: The research of thiophene derivatives is relevant both from the standpoint of exploring electronic effects when substituents with different acceptor properties are introduced into the heterocyclic aromatic system and from the standpoint of medicinal chemistry, as they are interesting biologically active objects with high chemical stability, good penetration of cell membranes, ability to affect enzyme activity, bind to receptors.

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“…indicated that gingival pigmentation seemed to be linked to the impaired periodontal condition of abutment teeth and they recommended careful preparation of abutment teeth to minimize the chance for the occurrence of gingival pigmentation. [ 45 ]…”

Section: R Esultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fixed metallic oral appliances on oral health

Alnazzawi¹

2018

J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent

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There is a substantial proportion of the population using fixed metallic oral appliances, such as crowns and bridges, which are composed of various dental alloys. These restorations may be associated with a number of effects on oral health with variable degrees of severity, to review potential effects of using fixed metallic oral appliances, fabricated from various alloys. The MEDLINE/PubMed database was searched using certain combinations of keywords related to the topic. The search revealed that burning mouth syndrome, oral pigmentation, hypersensitivity and lichenoid reactions, and genotoxic and cytotoxic effects are the major potential oral health changes associated with fixed prosthodontic appliances. Certain oral disorders are associated with the use of fixed metallic oral appliances. Patch test is the most reliable method that can be applied for identifying metal allergy, and the simultaneous use of different alloys in the mouth is discouraged.

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Clinical Characteristics of Abutment Teeth with Gingival Discoloration

Abstract: With careful preparation of abutment teeth for cast dowels and crown restorations it may be possible to decrease the frequency of gingival discolorations adjacent to abutment teeth.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Using Er:YAG laser to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments: An in vitro study

Using Er:YAG laser to remove lithium disilicate crowns from zirconia implant abutments: An in vitro study

Oxidation reactions of cyclopent-2-en-1-yl thiophene derivatives

Effect of fixed metallic oral appliances on oral health

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