Clinical Characteristics of 34 Children with Coronavirus Disease-2019 in the West of China: a Multiple-center Case Series

Che, Zhang; Gu, Jiaowei; Chen, Quanjing; Deng, Na; Li, Jing‐Feng; Huang, Li; Zhou, Xihui

doi:10.1101/2020.03.12.20034686

Cited by 24 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We found 11 case series, including a total of 333 children (range 6-171 children) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections (Tables 1-4). [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] All of the series are from China. One case series included only infants 13 and one only children who were admitted to an intensive care unit.…”

Section: Pediatric Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies reported incubation periods which varied between 2 and 25 days (mean 7 days, median 6 and 11 days, respectively). 9,15,16 Several studies reported that the nasopharyngeal or throat swabs can be positive before the onset of symptoms. 7,11,14 However, false-negative swabs have also been described.…”

Section: Pediatric Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytomegalovirus, parainfluenza and adenovirus were also isolated. 11,15 Depending on the study design, up to 35% of children were asymptomatic ( Table 2). The most common symptoms were cough in 48% (160, 19%-100%), fever in 42% (140, 11%-100%, mean duration 3-6 days, range 1-16 days) and pharyngitis in 30% (99, 11%-100%).…”

Section: Pediatric Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 in Children, Pregnancy and Neonates: A Review of Epidemiologic and Clinical Features

Zimmermann

Curtis

2020

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

343

261

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The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has spread rapidly across the globe. In contrast to initial reports, recent studies suggest that children are just as likely as adults to become infected with the virus but have fewer symptoms and less severe disease. In this review, we summarize the epidemiologic and clinical features of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 reported in pediatric case series to date. We also summarize the perinatal outcomes of neonates born to women infected with SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy. We found 11 case series including a total of 333 infants and children. Overall, 83% of the children had a positive contact history, mostly with family members. The incubation period varied between 2 and 25 days with a mean of 7 days. The virus could be isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions for up to 22 days and from stool for more than 30 days. Co-infections were reported in up to 79% of children (mainly mycoplasma and influenza). Up to 35% of children were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms were cough (48%; range 19%-100%), fever (42%; 11%-100%) and pharyngitis (30%; 11%-100%). Further symptoms were nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, tachypnoea, wheezing, diarrhea, vomiting, headache and fatigue. Laboratory test parameters were only minimally altered. Radiologic findings were unspecific and included unilateral or bilateral infiltrates with, in some cases, ground-glass opacities or consolidation with a surrounding halo sign. Children rarely needed admission to intensive care units (3%), and to date, only a small number of deaths have been reported in children globally. Nine case series and 2 case reports described outcomes of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy in 65 women and 67 neonates. Two mothers (3%) were admitted to intensive care unit. Fetal distress was reported in 30% of pregnancies. Thirty-seven percent of women delivered preterm. Neonatal complications included respiratory distress or pneumonia (18%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (3%), asphyxia (2%) and 2 perinatal deaths. Four neonates (3 with pneumonia) have been reported to be SARS-CoV-2 positive despite strict infection control and prevention procedures during delivery and separation of mother and neonates, meaning vertical transmission could not be excluded.

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Section: Pediatric Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pediatric Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 in Children, Pregnancy and Neonates: A Review of Epidemiologic and Clinical Features

Zimmermann

Curtis

2020

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

343

261

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“…An analysis of more than 2000 child patients with suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 in Hubei, China, found that over 90% presented as asymptomatic or with mild to moderate symptoms 9 . A summary of paediatric cases reported with COVID‐19 is presented in Table 1 7,9‐45 . These numbers are likely to be under‐representative, as there is not universal testing of the whole population for the presence of COVID‐19.…”

Section: Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19): Characteristics in children and considerations for dentists providing their care

Mallineni

Innes

Raggio

et al. 2020

Int J Paed Dentistry

164

137

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The emergence of the novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to a global pandemic and one of the most significant challenges to the healthcare profession. Dental practices are focal points for crossinfection, and care must be taken to minimise the risk of infection to, from, or between dental care professionals and patients. The COVID-19 epidemiological and clinical characteristics are still being collated but children's symptoms seem to be milder than those that adults experience. It is unknown whether certain groups, for example children with comorbidities, might be at a higher risk of more severe illness. Emerging data on disease spread in children, affected by COVID-19, have not been presented in detail.The purpose of this article was to report current data on the paediatric population affected with COVID-19 and highlight considerations for dentists providing care for children during this pandemic. All members of the dental team have a professional responsibility to keep themselves informed of current guidance and be vigilant in updating themselves as recommendations are changing so quickly.

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“…17 Numerous smaller case series have found the same types of symptoms occurring at similar rates. [18][19][20] A series of six children from Wuhan in China found all six had fever and four of the six had vomiting. Median recovery time was 7.5 days, and one of the six children required admission to intensive care.…”

Section: Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric anesthetic implications of COVID‐19—A review of current literature

Lee-Archer

Ungern‐Sternberg

2020

Pediatric Anesthesia

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China, after the presentation of a cluster of patients with atypical pneumonia. These initial cases had links to a "wet market" where a range of live or freshly slaughtered animals were sold. 1 The virus has since been named SARS-CoV-2 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the disease which it can cause is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The WHO declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The virus particles have a diameter of 60-140nm and are round-or oval-shaped and studded with spike proteins. 2The virus is highly contagious and gains entry to the host cell via the ACE-2 receptor on respiratory epithelia cells. A global response to the pandemic has included early publication of the pathogen genome, rapid development of diagnostic tests and co-ordinated research efforts to discover treatments and develop a vaccine. | TR AN S MISS I ON AND EPIDEMI OLOGYCases of COVID-19 have spread rapidly around the world, demonstrating the highly contagious nature of the virus. Its main routes of transmission are respiratory droplets and contact with respiratory secretions. However, it is likely that there is also fomite spread via contaminated surfaces based on our knowledge of other coronaviruses. 3 In children, there is also some evidence that the virus continues to shed in the stool for up to a month postinfection. 4 This raises the possibility of fecal-oral transmission during the convalescence stage.Another important route of transmission, particularly for healthcare workers, is aerosol particles. Anesthetists, intensive care physicians, emergency physicians, and some surgical specialities (eg ENT) are involved in airway procedures that generate aerosols, such as bag-mask ventilation, intubation, and extubation. This puts them at AbstractPediatric anesthetists have an important role to play in the management of patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19. In many institutions, the COVID-19 intubation teams are staffed with anesthetists as the proceduralists working throughout the hospitals also in the ICU and Emergency Departments. As practitioners who perform aerosol generating procedures involving the airway, we are at high risk of exposure to the virus SARS-CoV-2 and need to ensure we are well prepared and trained to manage such cases. This article reviews the relevant pediatric literature surrounding COVID-19 and summarizes the key recommendations for anesthetists involved in the care of children during this pandemic.

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Clinical Characteristics of 34 Children with Coronavirus Disease-2019 in the West of China: a Multiple-center Case Series

Abstract: Background Up to 9 March, 2020, 109577 patients were diagnosed with

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

COVID-19 in Children, Pregnancy and Neonates: A Review of Epidemiologic and Clinical Features

COVID-19 in Children, Pregnancy and Neonates: A Review of Epidemiologic and Clinical Features

Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19): Characteristics in children and considerations for dentists providing their care

Pediatric anesthetic implications of COVID‐19—A review of current literature

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