Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters associated with the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil

Abstract

Background: Although most coronavirus disease 2019 infections are mild, some patients have severe clinical conditions requiring hospitalization. Data on the severity of COVID-19 in Brazil are scarce and are limited to public databases. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a cohort of hospitalized adults from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil.Methods: Patients over 18 years of age who were hospitalized between August 2020 and July 2021 with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. The patients were classified into two groups: moderate and severe. Clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters were collected and compared between the groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors of COVID-19 severity.Results: This study included 495 patients (253 moderate and 242 severe). A total of 372 patients (75.2%) were between 18 and 65 years of age, and the majority were male (60.6%; n = 300). Patients with severe disease had higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, blood glucose, C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea (p < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression, the following variables were significant predictors of COVID-19 severity: leukocytes (odds ratio [OR] 3.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-5.06), international normalized ratio (INR) (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33), and urea (OR 4.03; 95% CI 2.21-7.35). Conclusions:The present study identified the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized Brazilian individuals.

Assessing the Clinical Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant on Intensive Care Unit Admissions: Insights from a Reference Hospital in Northeastern Brazil

“…Few studies have systematically explored clinical and laboratory datasets related to the prevalence of the Gamma variant in Brazil. Previously, differences between individuals with moderate and severe COVID-19 were investigated in Northeast Brazil during the second wave [ 34 ]. Another study prior to the second wave highlighted pronounced alterations in inflammatory markers and comorbidities among critically ill elderly COVID-19 patients [ 35 ].…”

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

“…The study conducted by Wu Jain et al reported 29.6%, 14 Xiang Jialin et al reported 28.5%, 15 Xiang Tianxin et al reported 18.3%, 16 Xu et al reported 36.2 %, 17 Yan et al reported 19.0%, 18 Yuan et al reported 13.9%, 19 Young et al reported 33.3%, 20 Zeng et al reported 22.4%, 21 Zhang et al reported 24.8%, 22 and Zhao et al reported 25.9% 23 patients. 24 The study conducted by Moutchia et al found that patients with severe or critical COVID-19 had significantly higher biomarkers such as LDH, liver enzymes, kidney function parameters and markers of myocardial function. They also reported significantly higher levels of neutrophils, IL-6, and acute phase reaction markers such as CRP, ESR and serum ferritin, as well as decreased concentrations of albumin and prealbumin.…”