Clinical, Autoimmune, and Genetic Characteristics of Adult-Onset Diabetic Patients With GAD Autoantibodies in Japan (Ehime Study)

Takeda, Haruyo; Kawasaki, Eiji; Shimizu, Ikki; Konoue, Etsushi; Fujiyama, Masao; Murao, Satoshi; Tanaka, Kaori; Mori, Kennichi; Tarumi, Yoshinao; Seto, Isamu; Fujii, Yasuhisa; Kato, Koichi; Kondo, Shin‐ichiro; Takada, Yasuharu; Kitsuki, Nobuaki; Kaino, Yukikazu; Kida, Kaichi; Hashimoto, Naotake; Yamane, Yukio; Yamawaki, Takashi; Onuma, Hiroshi; Nishimiya, Tatsuya; Osawa, Haruhiko; Saitō, Yasushi; Makino, Hideichi

doi:10.2337/diacare.25.6.995

Cited by 109 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, while not reaching statistical significance at p< 0.05, the mean level of GAD antibodies was lower, which is consistent with a previous report in a large number of Japanese people with age at onset >20 years [28]. In the Pima population rs9268852*A is highly concordant with HLA-DRB1*02.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

HLA-DRB1 reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increased insulin secretion

et al. 2011

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Aims/hypothesis We sought to identify the physiological implications of genetic variation at the HLA-DRB1 region in full-heritage Pima Indians in Arizona. Methods Single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the HLA region on chromosome 6p were tested for association with skeletal muscle mRNA expression of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRA, and with type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetic traits. Results The A allele at rs9268852, which tags HLA-DRB1*02 (1602), was associated both with higher HLA-DRB1 mRNA expression (n=133, p=4.27×10

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

HLA-DRB1 reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increased insulin secretion

et al. 2011

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“…The high GADA+ patients progressed early to insulin requirement, in agreement with other studies (2,4,10,11,21,22,24,26,27). Low GADA+ and GADA-patients were similar in terms of beta-cell function and insulin requirement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): usefulness of anti-GAD antibody titers and benefit of early insulinization

Rosário

Reis

Fagundes

et al. 2007

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: To determine the clinical and laboratory parameters and the progression to insulin requirement in two groups of LADA patients separated according to GADA titers, and to evaluate the benefit of early insulinization in patients at high risk of premature beta-cell failure (high GADA titers). Methods: Among the diabetic adults seen at our service and screened for GADA at diagnosis, 54 were diagnosed with LADA and classified as having low (> 1 U/ml and < 17.2 U/ml) or high (> 17.2 U/ml) GADA titers. Fifty-four patients with type 2 diabetes (GADA-) were selected for comparison. In addition, 24 patients who had GADA titers > 20 U/ml and who were not initially insulinized were compared to 16 patients who were insulinized at diagnosis. Results: Insulin resistance was higher in the GADA-group, followed by patients with low GADA titers. BMI and the frequency of arterial hypertension, elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol were lower in the high GADA+ group, with no difference between the GADA-or low GADA+ groups. The high GADA+ group showed a greater reduction and lower levels of C-peptide and required insulin earlier during follow-up. Patients with GADA titers > 20 U/ml and insulinized early presented no significant variation in C-peptide levels, had better glycemic control and required a lower insulin dose than patients who were insulinized later. Conclusion: We agree that patients with LADA should be differentiated on the basis of GADA titers and that patients with GADA titers > 20 U/ml benefit from early insulinization.

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“…Furthermore, 1.5% were both GADAb-positive and insulin-deficient [32]. Takeda and co-workers found a similar prevalence of GADAb in a larger population-based study, which analysed 4,980 patients with adult-onset diabetes aged >20 years [33]. The prevalence of GADAb in such patients is lower than that in patients of Caucasoid origin and with an initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes [34], suggesting that Asian adults have a lower incidence of type 1 diabetes than Caucasoid populations [35].…”

Section: Adult Onset Type 1 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Type 1 diabetes in Japan

2006

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Clinical, Autoimmune, and Genetic Characteristics of Adult-Onset Diabetic Patients With GAD Autoantibodies in Japan (Ehime Study)

Abstract: We conclude that GADab(+) non-insulin-deficient patients differ from GADab(+) patients with insulin deficiency with respect to clinical characteristics, humoral autoimmunity to other organ-specific autoantibodies, as well as HLA class II genes.

Cited by 109 publications

References 30 publications

HLA-DRB1 reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increased insulin secretion

HLA-DRB1 reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increased insulin secretion

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): usefulness of anti-GAD antibody titers and benefit of early insulinization

Type 1 diabetes in Japan

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