Clinical aspects of physical exercise for diabetes/metabolic syndrome

Sato, Yuzo; Nagasaki, Masaru; Kubota, Masakazu; Uno, Tomoko; Nakai, Norihiro

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2007.01.039

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Exercise, when regularly performed, reduces body weight and body fat content [106]. Regular exercise with cardiorespiratory fitness programs, in patients with CMS, has been shown to trend toward a reduction in the risks associated with all-cause mortality [107]. Diet and regular exercise have more favourable effects on reducing the development of diabetes mellitus than that of the oral anti-hyperglycemic agent metformin (58% versus 31%) [108].…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Methods To Prevent Control or Reverse Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Kelli¹,

Kassas²,

Lattouf

2016

J Diabetes Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome (CMS), also known as insulin resistance syndrome or metabolic syndrome X, is a combination of metabolic disorders or risk factors that essentially includes a combination of diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, central obesity and hyper-lipidemia. Common to these diseases of metabolism is the associated development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Studies have shown a strong link between CMS and increased prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarctions as well as cerebro-vascular arterial diseases and stroke.

show abstract

Section: Non-pharmacological Methods To Prevent Control or Reverse Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Kelli¹,

Kassas²,

Lattouf

2016

J Diabetes Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…9 It is now well established that participation in regular physical exercise improves blood glucose control and positively affects lipid levels, blood Dr Y Sato is at the…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 It is now well established that participation in regular physical exercise improves blood glucose control and positively affects lipid levels, blood pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality and quality of life. 10 We have reported that, if continued for a prolonged period of time, even mild aerobic exercise increases insulin action even if there is no influence on body mass index or VO 2 max.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, mild resistance training, if performed in an aerobic manner, is also useful for elderly patients who have decreased muscular mass and strength. 9 A recent joint position statement of the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association indicated that both aerobic and resistance training improve insulin action, blood glucose control and fat oxidation and storage in muscle; in addition, resistance exercise enhances skeletal muscle mass. 10 A new method of resistance training has been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physical exercise improves low cardiorespiratory fitness associated with intramyocellular lipids in patients with metabolic syndrome

Sato

2011

Hypertens Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I n recent years, factors such as the westernization of dietary habits and an increasingly sedentary life style have led to a striking increase in the number of people with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity is situated at the origin of the MetS and causes insulin resistance. 1 Insulin resistance itself is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The etiology of insulin resistance is multifactorial and involves both genetic and environmental factors. 2 Several lines of evidence have been provided in support of the hypothesis that intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs) and intrahepatic lipids (IHLs), as assessed non-invasively by localized 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are associated with reduced-insulin action in both obese and non-obese subjects. 2,3 In addition, high IMCL levels are associated with the impairment of early insulin signal transduction in specimens obtained from muscle biopsies, because IMCLs and related intracellular substances, such as diacylglycerol or protein kinase C, are important regulators of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. 4 Insulin-resistant individuals have a reduced rate of fat oxidation, compared with normal, insulin-sensitive individuals, and thus, the decreased mitochondrial fat oxidative capacity could lead to an increase in the intracellular fat content. 5 It has also been reported that IHL accumulation is associated with impaired hepatic glucose metabolism. The suppressive effect of insulin on hepatic glucose production was shown to be negatively correlated with the IHL content in both healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes. 4 DeFronzo 5 stated that the accumulation of toxic lipid metabolites (fatty acyl CoA, diacylglycerol, ceramide) in muscle, liver, adipocytes, b-cells and arterial tissues contributes to insulin resistance, b-cell dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis, respectively, in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Given the close relationship between IHLs and insulin sensitivity, Haufe et al. 2 investigated the relationship between IHLs and both fitness and insulin sensitivity, and concluded that the positive effect of increased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese subjects seems to be indirectly mediated by IHL content rather than the amount of total, visceral and subcutaneous fat. Potential mechanisms linking CRF and IHLs may include factors that regulate hepatic lipid oxidation. Substrate oxidation is tightly coupled to mitochondrial oxidation capacity. Mitochondria occupy nearly 18% of the hepatocyte volume, and their function, a strong determinant of fitness, could conceivably affect hepatic lipid oxidation. 2 Low CRF is a predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and in healthy people. 6 Sawada et al. 7 investigated the relationship between long-term trends in CRF and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of 41 787 non-diabetic Japanese men who completed annual health checkups and fitness tests for the estimation of maximal oxygen uptake over 7 years. T...

show abstract

“…Similarly, more recent discussions on the role of exercise in type 2 diabetes have made a general exercise recommendation of walking or jogging, 10-30 min per day, 3-5 times per week. 15 Self-reported exercise diaries and questionnaires have been used in the past to measure adherence; 9,16,17 however, overestimation of self-reported exercise data has been identified as a problem, particularly in overweight and obese individuals. 18,19 Support for the use of objective measures of diet and exercise is increasing; 20 a change that is required to elucidate which treatment component is not being followed and to what extent this is contributing to a lack of expected change in both weight loss 21 and health benefit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in adherence to an unsupervised exercise prescription in obese women

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To measure adherence to a specific exercise prescription (1500 kcal week À1 ) by objectively quantifying unsupervised exercise energy expenditure (ExEE) in obese women. Design: The 16-week lifestyle intervention consisted of weekly meetings with research staff and promotion of increased ExEE (1500 kcal week À1 ) and a decreased dietary intake (À500 kcal day À1 ). Participants: Twenty-nine obese females (body mass index ¼ 36.8 ± 5.0 kg m À2 , body fat ¼ 49.6 ± 3.7%) from a hospital-based lifestyle intervention were included in the analysis. Measurements: ExEE was estimated and monitored weekly using heart rate monitoring, and body composition was measured before and after the intervention by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Free-living adherence to the exercise prescription was variable and, on average, modest such that 14% achieved 1500 kcal week À1 , and the average weekly ExEE (768 kcal week À1 ) represented 51.2% of the total amount prescribed. ExEE was correlated with changes in body weight (r ¼ 0.65, Po0.001) and fat mass (r ¼ 0.65, Po0.001). Achievement of a 5% weight loss target was dependent on the achievement of an ExEE level of 1000 kcal week À1 (Po0.001). Exercise 'adherers' (41000 kcal week À1 ) lost more weight (À9.9 vs À4.1 kg), more fat mass (À6.8 vs À3.0 kg) and more waist circumference (À9.8 vs À5.6 cm) when compared to 'non-adherers' (o1000 kcal week À1 ). Discussion: Exercise is an integral component of lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing obesity and its complications. However, without accurate and objective measures of ExEE, it is difficult for relationships between exercise and health outcomes to be elucidated. The present study suggests an alternative to self-report to increase the confidence with which conclusions are drawn regarding the role of exercise within lifestyle interventions.

show abstract

Clinical aspects of physical exercise for diabetes/metabolic syndrome

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Physical exercise improves low cardiorespiratory fitness associated with intramyocellular lipids in patients with metabolic syndrome

Variability in adherence to an unsupervised exercise prescription in obese women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About