Clinical aspects and usefulness of indirect absorbed immunofluorescence for diagnosis of yaws in Central Africa

Martin, Paul; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul; Martin, Moira; Georges‐Courbot, Marie‐Claude; Palisson, M.; Georges, A. J.

doi:10.1128/jcm.26.11.2432-2433.1988

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated withHaemophilus ducreyicutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

Ndzomo,

Tchatchouang,

Tabah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Epidemics of yaws-like cutaneous ulcers are regularly documented in children in the tropics. They occur mainly in poor and remote communities without access to health facilities. The integration of molecular tools into yaws control efforts has made it possible to describe Haemophilus ducreyi (HD) as a major cause of cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of HD as cause of cutaneous ulcers, as asymptomatic carriage and the risk factors associated. A cross-sectional study was conducted in yaws endemic districts of Cameroon. Participants included people presenting yaws-like ulcers and asymptomatic individuals. Swab samples were collected from each participant and tested for HD and Treponema pallidum (TP) using established qPCR method. Additionally, demographic, habitat, proximity, and hygiene characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. A total of 443 individuals, including 271 ulcer cases and 172 asymptomatic contacts, were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of HD in ulcers was 30.3% (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% [24.8 – 35.7]) and the prevalence of asymptomatic HD carriage was 8.6% (CI95% [4.5 – 12.9]). TP was also detected in our sample among ulcer cases but in lower proportion (5.2% CI95% [2.5 – 7.8]) compared to HD. The adjusted logistic regression model showed that women were as much at risk of having HD cutaneous ulcer as men regardless of age; physical proximity to a confirmed ulcer case was the major factor favouring HD transmission. HD ulcers were more likely to be present on Bantu individuals compare to Baka as well as HD colonization. Data from this study highlight HD as the most common cause of cutaneous ulcers in yaws-endemic communities in Cameroon. The real issues of HD detection on intact skin are not yet clear. Further studies are needed to elucidate the implications of this carriage in the spread dynamics of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated withHaemophilus ducreyicutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

Ndzomo,

Tchatchouang,

Tabah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Our study found that a considerable proportion of children inhabiting the Dzanga Sangha region of the Central African Republic, both BaAka Pygmy and Bantu, present with yaws-specific skin lesions. Surprisingly, yaws rates were higher in Bantu children although they are more likely to live in better hygiene conditions than the nomadic Pygmies [ 20 ]. Several studies are available in the literature on the prevalence of yaws in the CAR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yaws in Pygmy and Bantu children inhabiting the rural zones of Central Africa

Bylicka-Szczepanowska¹,

Korzeniewski²,

Pokorna-Kałwak³

2022

pdia

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Introduction: Yaws, an infectious dermatosis is one of 17 neglected tropical diseases still present in the world despite the efforts aiming at the eradication of the disease undertaken in 2020. It is mainly found in populations living in poor hygiene conditions with a limited access to water and health care facilities. BaAka Pygmies and Bantu people inhabiting the rural areas of the Central African Republic (CAR) are still affected by yaws on a large scale. Aim: To assess the prevalence of yaws in Central Africa, treatment accessibility, and the need for implementing future health programs. Material and methods: Primary school BaAka Pygmy and Bantu children from the Dzanga Sangha region (CAR) were assessed in the context of yaws prevalence in years 2019-2020. The diagnosis was based on the clinical picture of the typical skin lesions and their location. Serologic tests were not performed. Results: Four hundred and ninety-four Pygmies and 235 Bantu children were examined, of whom 38.7% and 43.0%, respectively, presented primary yaws lesions. The mean age of Pygmy and Bantu children with lesions was 9.1 and 9.7 years old, respectively. In both ethnic groups boys predominated. The most common location of yaws lesions were lower legs, ankles, knees and feet. Conclusions: Yaws, like all other neglected tropical diseases, might become a cosmopolitan skin disease transferred from Africa to Europe and North America by tourists travelling to sub-Saharan destinations in Africa and migrants. The knowledge of tropical skin diseases and ability to make a differential diagnosis might become necessary for each dermatologist in the next 10-20 years.

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“…Most of the cutaneous ulcers which correspond to bacterial ulcerative conditions affect preferentially poor people living in warm, moist climates and mainly in forested tropical regions [33,34]. This corresponds to the natural environment of the Baka population of Central Africa which until now constituted the most at risk community in this region [35][36][37][38]. We found people in close and constant contact with other cutaneous ulcer cases were three times more likely to be infected and most of the cases of HD ulcers were detected in schools, among classmates.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

Ndzomo,

Tchatchouang,

Njih Tabah

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Epidemics of yaws-like cutaneous ulcers are regularly documented in children in the tropics. They occur mainly in poor and remote communities without access to health facilities. The integration of molecular tools into yaws control efforts has made it possible to describe Haemophilus ducreyi (HD) as a major cause of cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HD as cause of cutaneous ulcers, investigate its presence in asymptomatic individuals and identify associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in yaws endemic districts of Cameroon. Participants included people presenting yaws-like ulcers and asymptomatic individuals. Swab samples were collected from each participant and tested for HD and Treponema pallidum (TP) using an established qPCR method. Additionally, demographic, habitat, proximity, and hygiene characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. A total of 443 individuals participated in the study, including 271 ulcer cases and 172 asymptomatic contacts. The prevalence of HD in ulcers was 30.3% (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% [24.8–35.7]) and the prevalence of asymptomatic HD carriage was 8.6% (CI95% [4.5–12.9]). TP was also detected in our sample among ulcer cases but in lower proportion (5.2% CI95% [2.5–7.8]) compared to HD. The adjusted logistic regression model showed that women were as much at risk of having HD cutaneous ulcer as men regardless of age. Physical proximity to a confirmed ulcer case was the major factor identified favouring HD transmission. HD ulcers were more likely to be present on Bantu individuals compared to Baka as well as HD colonization. These findings highlight HD as the most common cause of cutaneous ulcers in yaws-endemic communities in Cameroon. The exact implications of detecting HD on intact skin are not yet clear. Further studies are needed to understand the significance of this carriage in the spread dynamics of the disease.

show abstract

Clinical aspects and usefulness of indirect absorbed immunofluorescence for diagnosis of yaws in Central Africa

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Prevalence and risk factors associated withHaemophilus ducreyicutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

Prevalence and risk factors associated withHaemophilus ducreyicutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

Yaws in Pygmy and Bantu children inhabiting the rural zones of Central Africa

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcers in Cameroon

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