Clinical and ultrasonographic findings in four cows with liver tumours

Braun, Ueli; Nuss, Karl; Soldati, Gino; Ossent, Pete

doi:10.1136/vr.157.16.482

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Ultrasonographically, hepatic tumors are characteristically single or multiple circumscribed structures [28]. The ultrasonographic appearance of bile duct carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma have been described in cattle [28].…”

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultrasonographic features of hepatic tumors essentially reflect changes in the shape and texture of the liver and displacement of vessels and bile ducts [29]. The neoplastic changes may appear homogeneous or heterogeneous [28]. Tumors situated on the surface of the liver result in a circumscribed bulge in the hepatic contour.…”

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultrasonographic appearance of bile duct carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma have been described in cattle [28]. The ultrasonographic features of hepatic tumors essentially reflect changes in the shape and texture of the liver and displacement of vessels and bile ducts [29].…”

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cases with rupture of a tumor into a vessel, echogenic thrombi may be seen. Occasionally the portal vein becomes congested when there is a decrease in liver perfusion [28]. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided liver biopsy is recommended to confirm a tentative diagnosis of neoplasia and in most cases can be used to determine the type of tumor.…”

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonography of the Liver in Cattle

Braun

2009

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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Hepatic diseases are of great importance in cattle. Fascioliasis, hepatic abscesses, hepatic neoplasia, metabolic disturbances (eg, fatty liver disease) and diseases of major vessels (eg, thrombosis of the caudal vena cava) caused by hepatic abscesses that have broken into the vein are some examples. Until recently, diagnosis of many hepatic diseases was difficult because signs may be nonspecific. In many cases, diagnostic methods such as hepatospecific enzyme tests are insufficient. A complete ultrasonographic examination of the liver should give detailed information about the size, position, and ultrasonographic parenchymal pattern of the liver, the size and position of the gallbladder and the intraand extrahepatic bile ducts, and the topography of the major vessels. Ultrasound-guided collection of hepatic biopsy samples, centesis and aspiration of abscesses, and cholecystocentesis and aspiration of bile samples (for examination for fluke eggs and determination of bile acids concentration) can be performed safely. In the first part of this article, the methods of ultrasonographic examination of the liver and the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal liver are discussed, followed in the second part by a description of specific liver diseases.Ultrasonography of the liver in cattle into a vessel, echogenic thrombi may be seen. In cases with diffuse fatty liver disease, the number and intensity of the internal echoes increases as the severity of the disease increases.In advanced stages of the disease, the liver appears white on ultrasonograms and is difficult to differentiate from surrounding tissue. Calcified bile ducts, caused by chronic fascioliasis, result in discrete sonographic changes in the liver parenchyma. They are intensely hyperechogenic and accompanied by an acoustic shadow distally. In cross section, calcified bile ducts appear as ring-like and in longitudinal section, tube-like hyperechogenic structures.Obstructive cholestasis can almost always be diagnosed on the basis of the observation of dilated bile ducts. A proximal obstruction, which occurs in the area of the hepatic hilus, can 3 be differentiated from a distal obstruction, which occurs in the region of the duodenal papilla.With a proximal obstruction, only the intrahepatic bile ducts are dilated. With a distal obstruction, there is dilatation of the common bile duct and the gallbladder, which may be associated with dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. In cows with congestion of the caudal vena cava, the caudal vena cava loses its normal triangular shape and becomes round to oval on ultrasonograms. At the same time, the diameter of the vein increases. Ultrasonography is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of liver disease. Discrete or diffuse lesions can be imaged, aspirated and biopsied under visual guidance. However, ultrasonography cannot be used to evaluate liver regions obscured by the lungs.

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Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonography of the Liver in Cattle

Braun

2009

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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“…CCs occur in human beings (Edmondson 1958 Carpino et al 2012) and many domestic animal species, including dogs, cats, sheep, cattle and horses (Monlux et al 1956;Anderson and Sandison 1968;Strafuss et al 1973;Patnaik et al 1981;Bastianello 1982;Popp 1990;Bettini et al 1992;MacLachlan and Cullen 1995;Braun et al 2005;Stalker and Hayes 2007). In human medicine, studies have revealed that intrahepatic CCs arise from cholangiocytes of the intrahepatic bile ducts or hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) that are alternatively termed stem cells or rodent oval cells (Liu et al 2004;Komuta et al 2008;Nakanuma et al 2010;Carpino et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%