Clinical and Statistical Analysis of the Relationship Between Postural and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Patients With Dysfunctional Conditions of the Temporomandibular Joint

Abstract

Diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), manifested in the form of "dysfunctional disorders", are socially significant and are quite common.
 Purpose of the study: to find correlations between postural and neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with dysfunctional disorders of the TMJ to improve diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. 
 Materials and research methods. In the period from 2015 to 2021, 63 patients with a dysfunctional condition of the temporomandibular joint were examined, including 10 men (15.87%) and 53 women (84.13%) aged 18 to 79 years (average age 43.58). A statistical analysis of the results of the examination of patients with a dysfunctional state of the TMJ was carried out using a visual analogue scale, the Spielberger–Hanin test, the depression scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies and the Kerdo vegetative index. At the first stage, the results of the questionnaire data, subjective and objective examination were processed, which included an assessment of the function of the dental system, determination of postural status and identification of neuropsychiatric disorders. At the second stage, a correlation analysis was carried out between the results obtained.
 Results of own researches. In the course of the study, statistical data on 6 parameters of the Hamburg test were revealed. Correlations were found for the prevalence of nosological forms and pathological changes in the examined patients. The study found patterns of postural and neuropsychiatric disorders. 
 Conclusion. Based on the correlation analysis, it was proved that postural imbalance has a more pronounced effect on the formation of dysfunctions of the ventricular system than neuropsychiatric disorders. Defects of the dentition, increased wearing of the hard tissues of the teeth and secondary deformities, accompanied by a decrease in the height of the lower part of the face, mutually load each other and distort the clinical picture of TMJ dysfunction at the stage of diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.