Clinical and serological response in humans following immunization with gripax influenza vaccine

Morag, Abraham; Levy, Rachel; Weil, Gilda; Zakay‐Rones, Zichria

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890110109

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…and the high imrnunogenicity in mice demonstrated by our vaccine, points to the production of an influenza vaccine that could be highly potent in humans without any side effects. Indeed a high immunological response with no side effects was demonstrated in humans (Morag et al, 1981;Shapira-Naor et al, 1982). We have prepared ten thousand doses of trivalent vaccine in a pilot plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and evaluation of a zonal purified influenza vaccine gripax

Levy

Zakay‐Rones

1982

Journal of Medical Virology

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A highly purified influenza vaccine was prepared on a large scale. The inactivated whole virus vaccine fulfills the requircments of the National Institutes of Health, Rethesda, for influenza A and B vaccines. The three strains of influenza virus, A/ England132 1/77, BiHong Kong/8/73, and AiUSSRi99177, used for the vaccine, were chosen in accordance with the demands of the WHO and the Israel Ministry of Health for 1978Health for to 1979Health for and 1979Health for to 1980. Virus strains were grown in the allantoic sac of embryonated eggs, inactivated by formalin. and purified by zonal centrifugation in sucrose. Each dose of 0.5 ml contained 1200 international units (1U) of influenza antigen (400 IU of each strain). The vaccine is higly immunogenic as demonstrated by potency tests in mice. Its immunogenicity was higher than that of commercial vaccines of a similar nature purchased at random in local pharmacies. A high dilution of 1:3125 still elicited HI antibodies in mice. No residual egg-protein contamination was detectable by sensitive immunological methods. Total protein concentration was 80 pg protein per dose of 1200 IU, ie 15 IU per pg of protein as compared to 5-8 IU per pg of protein in the commercial vaccines tested by us. Purity of a vaccine is of major importance for the prevention of advcrse side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and evaluation of a zonal purified influenza vaccine gripax

Levy

Zakay‐Rones

1982

Journal of Medical Virology

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Prevalence of antibody to current influenza virus strains in adolescents

Zakay‐Rones

Meijer

Morag

1989

Journal of Medical Virology

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During the Spring of 1986, 118 pupils aged 15-18 years were surveyed for the presence of humoral antibodies to five influenza strains. Prevalence of humoral immunity (HI) antibodies and immunity was found to be related to the year of the strain's emergence and to length of circulation time in the community. A high percentage of the adolescents were not immune to one or more of the tested strains. More than 40% of the studied group were not immune to the old A strains A/Philipines 2/82 (H3N2) and A/Chile 1/83 (H1N1), nearly 70% were not immune to the two B strains (B/USSR 100/83 and B/Ann Arbor 1/86), and almost the entire group (96%) was unprotected against the recent strain A/Singapore 6/86. Only one pupil was immune to all five strains; 35.6%, 22.2%, 17.8%, and 9.2% were immune to one, two, three, or four of the strains, respectively; and 14.4% were not immune to even one strain.

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Influenza vaccines: the effect of vaccine dose on antibody response in primed populations during the ongoing interpandemic period. A review of the literature

Palache

Beyer

Lüchters

et al. 1993

Vaccine

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Health authorities tend to favour an increase of the antigen dose in inactivated influenza vaccines from < or = 10 micrograms haemagglutinin (HA) per vaccine strain to 15 micrograms HA/strain. The increased dose is expected to yield a meaningful increase in the number of subjects to be protected after vaccination. To verify this expectation, we have reviewed 20 published reports (1978-1991) of serological studies in which anti-HA-IgG antibody after different doses was measured. In the review, stratification groups of previously primed subjects were formed and the antibody response was estimated for doses of 10 and 15 micrograms HA by linear k*2-chi 2 model. Despite a considerable heterogenicity of study populations, study designs, vaccine types and strains, and antibody assays, the results were consistent in revealing high protection rates (> or = 75%) for a 10 micrograms HA dose of influenza A vaccine components. For both response and protection rates, an increase of the antigenic load from 10 to 15 micrograms HA was not associated with a meaningful increase of seroresponse: in 38 out of 39 stratification groups, the increase of response and/or protection rate varied between -9% and +8%, with a median of 1.5%. These results do not justify the expectation that a vaccine dose of 15 micrograms HA per strain would be clinically superior to a dose of 10 micrograms HA. Only in a group of immune-compromised patients on chronic intermittent haemodialysis were results in favour of a higher dose found, which may justify further evaluation in this special population.

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Clinical and serological response in humans following immunization with gripax influenza vaccine

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Preparation and evaluation of a zonal purified influenza vaccine gripax

Preparation and evaluation of a zonal purified influenza vaccine gripax

Prevalence of antibody to current influenza virus strains in adolescents

Influenza vaccines: the effect of vaccine dose on antibody response in primed populations during the ongoing interpandemic period. A review of the literature

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