Clinical and research diagnostic criteria for developmental coordination disorder: a review and discussion

Geuze, Reint; Jongmans, Marian J.; Schoemaker, Marina M.; Smits-Engelsman, B.C.M.

doi:10.1016/s0167-9457(01)00027-6

Cited by 300 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…5 They also show that spontaneous development within a 3-to 4-month period is rare in children with DCD. 3,4 As in most recent studies on DCD, the MABC was used to select children with DCD, 1 and to measure changes in performance. One could, therefore, argue that the reported effects of therapy are the result of 'regression to the mean'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromotor task training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a controlled trial

Niemeijer

Smits-Engelsman

Schoemaker

2007

Develop Med Child Neuro

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The aim of this study was to evaluate neuromotor task training (NTT), a recently developed child-centred and taskoriented treatment programme for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). A treatment and a non-treatment control group of children with DCD were included. Children were selected if they scored below the 15th centile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). The children in the treatment group were recently referred for physiotherapy (n=26; 20 males, 6 females; mean age 7y 2mo [SD 1y 3mo]). The parents of the non-treated children were concerned about their children's motor performance and responded to advertisements for free testing (n=13; 10 males, 3 females; mean age 7y 2mo [SD 2y 1mo]). Before and after nine weekly 30-minute sessions of NTT or at least 9 weeks of no intervention, the MABC and the Test of Gross Motor Development -2 (TGMD-2) were administered. Therapists reported per session on treatment goals and tasks trained. The results indicate that motor performance does not improve spontaneously and that NTT is effective. During the intervention period, only the treated group improved on the MABC and the TGMD-2. Children improved most on tasks similar to those trained. In older children with poorer motor patterns, NTT's treatment success was higher. The Child Behavior Checklist subscales withdrawn, thought problems, anxious/depressed, and delinquency were determinants of effects on motor patterns.Approximately 5 to 10% of schoolchildren have difficulty learning motor skills. 1 A child is diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) if the performance in daily activities that require motor coordination is substantially below that expected given the child's chronological age and intelligence, in the absence of any known neurological disorder or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). 2 To diagnose a child as having DCD, inadequate proficiency in movement performance should negatively interfere with activities of daily life. 2 This latter criterion, and the fact that most children do not outgrow DCD, which can have potentially long-term consequences, 3,4 support the need for intervention.Evidence is lacking for the efficacy of treatment approaches that concentrate on the deficits in processes assumed to underlie poor motor coordination, such as sensory integration therapy and kinaesthetic training. 5,6 For a decade, more task-oriented approaches have been emphasized and reveal promising results. These approaches focus directly on the functional skills hindering the child. Because only a few studies have investigated task-oriented approaches, more efficacy research is needed.In the Netherlands, neuromotor task training (NTT) has recently been developed especially for children with DCD, because the existing intervention programmes show no or little effect, and are not explicitly developed for these children. 7,8 Until the introduction of NTT, Dutch therapists eclectically used what they had learned on various courses. 9 NTT is based upon a cognitive neurosc...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromotor task training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a controlled trial

Niemeijer

Smits-Engelsman

Schoemaker

2007

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Although, the children recruited for this study were not formally diagnosed with DCD, as only a paediatrician can do so, clinically they exhibited the symptoms for DCD as indicated by Geuze et al [35]. The motor coordination problems were inferred from the first version of Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) [36].…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Levels of Attentional Interference have Similar Effects on Static Balance Control of Typically Developing Children and Those with Symptoms of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)

Przysucha

Trap²,

Zerpa

2016

IPCDD

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“…Children with DCD were included when they 1) scored below the 5 th percentile in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) [9]; 2) tested normal cognitive ability as assessed by the Woodcock-Johnson Revised Cognitive Ability Early Development Scale [23]; and, 3) had an independent DCD diagnosis from a pediatrician specializing in movement disorders. We used the 5 th percentile MABC cutoff following the recommendation of Geuze and colleagues [5] for the cut-off level for research studies on children with DCD. The exclusion criteria for the typically developing children were: 1) a standardized Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI, 4 th edition) [2] score lower than 1½ standard deviations below the mean; and, 2) a MABC score lower than the 30 th percentile.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability in continuous versus discontinuous drawing for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Bo¹,

Bastian²,

Kagerer³

et al. 2008

Neuroscience Letters

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Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are reported to have high temporal variability in tasks requiring precise timing. The current study examined whether this timing deficit was due to the cerebellar 'explicit timing' process in the discontinuous, but not the continuous movement. Ten children with DCD and thirty-one typically developing children performed continuous, discontinuous circle-and line-drawing tasks. Results showed that both children with DCD and their age-matched controls had higher temporal variability in the discontinuous than that in the continuous movements. Individual comparisons between each child with DCD and the performance of typically developing children revealed that two out of ten children with DCD showed limited timing deficit in both types of discontinuous drawing (lines and circles). Additionally, three different children with DCD had timing problems with only discontinuous line drawing. Thus, the possibility of a compromised cerebellar function may exist in a subgroup of children with DCD. This work raises a critical issue with respect to the functional heterogeneity of this population and emphasizes the importance of an individualized analysis in this movement disorder. KeywordsDevelopmental Coordination Disorder (DCD); timing; circle drawing; cerebellum One of the most salient features of coordinated movements is the temporal consistency across repetitions. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) [1] have demonstrated much higher temporal variability than age-matched typically developing children in tasks that require precise timing [6;13;22]. While up to 6% of American school children are thought to be affected by DCD[1], the underlying mechanism and its etiology are still not well understood.Send correspondence to: Jin Bo, Department of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, Fax: (734) 936-1925 Email: jinbo@umich.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. One hypothesis that has recently emerged is that the poor timing in children with developmental disorders may be attributed to impaired cerebellar function [10;15]. A few studies indicate that children who were classified as 'clumsy' had difficulties in fine motor tasks requiring precise timing, similar to that observed in adult patients with cerebellar lesions [6;13;22]. Recently, it was reported that patients with cerebellar lesions have restricted timing deficits in discontinuous but not in continuous circle drawing tasks [11;18;24]. This is thought to reflect the 'explicit timing' processes, in the sense that a...

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Clinical and research diagnostic criteria for developmental coordination disorder: a review and discussion

Cited by 300 publications

References 176 publications

Neuromotor task training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a controlled trial

Neuromotor task training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a controlled trial

Low Levels of Attentional Interference have Similar Effects on Static Balance Control of Typically Developing Children and Those with Symptoms of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)

Temporal variability in continuous versus discontinuous drawing for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

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