Clinical and primary evidence of silver diamine fluoride on root caries management

Abstract

Root caries is a growing problem for the worldwide aging population. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) contains high concentrations of silver and fluoride ions, which prevents and arrests root caries, as well as dentin caries in the primary teeth of young children. Unlike other fluoride products that mainly reduce the formation of new carious lesions, 38% SDF is an effective agent that can efficiently arrest the carious process, remineralize the decayed dental tissues, and protect the tooth structure against the formation of new caries lesions. The use of SDF can result in more caries-resistant tooth structures. Despite these merits, its clinical disadvantages are the deep penetration of silver ions and sequential formation of silver compounds, which cause esthetic concern due to the discoloration and impaired efficacy of dentin bonding after using SDF. Thus, this narrative review, by addressing the primary experimental results and clinical applications of SDF on root caries, proposes management methods for root caries in conjunction with the application of SDF. We propose a two-visit treatment protocol to take advantage of the SDF application for root surface caries and utilize the discoloration caused by SDF.

Sustained antibacterial coating with graphene oxide ultrathin film combined with cationic surface-active agents in a wet environment

“…Thus, the combination of CPC and GO ultrathin film is likely a clinically significant method for addressing dental disease. The silver diamine fluoride coating method (silver deposited on the tooth surface) is currently used to prevent dental caries, but the silver coating causes darkening of the teeth, which is problematic from an esthetic standpoint 33 . GO/CSAA is transparent and does not alter the color of teeth, so satisfying esthetic requirements.…”

Current Strategies to Control Recurrent and Residual Caries with Resin Composite Restorations: Operator- and Material-Related Factors

“…To arrest residual caries and enhance remineralization in deep carious lesions managed by partial caries removal, ozone and silver diamine fluoride treatments were suggested [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Further studies are needed to confirm procedural effectiveness, any adverse effects on bonding, biocompatibility, or deep penetration, and esthetic consequences [ 38 ].…”

Noncarious cervical lesions: Morphology and progression, prevalence, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical guidelines for restoration

“…An umbrella review, summarizing systematic reviews on the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride, reported consistent support for its effectiveness in arresting coronal caries in the primary dentition as well as arresting and preventing root caries in older adults 169 . A protocol has been proposed for use of silver diamine fluoride for root caries where the solution is applied and then a few days or a week later a second treatment is applied 170 . The rationale for the two‐appointment protocol is that the carious dentin will become very dark after a few days, making it easier to distinguish between carious and sound dentin, a process that helps prevent the removal of excess tooth structure should a restoration subsequently be placed for esthetic reasons 170 …”

“…169 A protocol has been proposed for use of silver diamine fluoride for root caries where the solution is applied and then a few days or a week later a second treatment is applied. 170 The rationale for the two-appointment protocol is that the carious dentin will become very dark after a few days, making it easier to distinguish between carious and sound dentin, a process that helps prevent the removal of excess tooth structure should a restoration subsequently be placed for esthetic reasons. 170 The primary author of this publication has effectively used silver diamine fluoride to arrest cervical caries in adults while recognizing there will be substantial darkening of the area following treatment (Fig 16).…”