Clinical and pathomorphological changes in mycotoxicosis of cows

Abstract

The defeat of feed by microscopic fungi is a fairly common phenomenon at this stage of the management of the agricultural sector. This is due to weather conditions (high rainfall) and errors in harvesting and storage of grain. Feeding affected feed leads to irreversible processes in the body of cows, reducing their productivity. The aim of the study was to establish marker indicators for the rapid diagnosis of mycotoxicoses in cows. So, when exposed simultaneously to T-2 toxin and toxins of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, destructive changes in the skin and mucous membranes were diagnosed, and pathology of the limbs was diagnosed, which was characterized by lameness. The laboratory revealed an increase in the level of leukocytes up to 37.1 g/l and a decrease in the content of hemoglobin in the blood of sick animals. Also, a characteristic feature was the latch of the contents of the rumen at pH 8.0, which in turn leads to a decrease in the number of ciliates. Also a sign of poisoning are changes in the fecal matter: liquid, musty odors and with an increased pH of up to 7.5. At the autopsy of the dead animals, a characteristic sign was: necrosis of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, esophagus, gastrointestinal tract, protein degeneration in the liver and kidneys, and serous pulmonary edema. Infertility is 67.35 %, which leads to multiple unsuccessful insemination, which is due to destructive changes in the organs of the reproductive system. So, in sick animals, ovarian hypotrophy was diagnosed at the level of 54.09 %, ovarian cysts v in 8.18 %, yellow persistent bodies in the postpartum period – 7.54 %. The prospect of further research will be the development of preventive methods for treating cows and increasing their reproductive function of mycotoxicoses.

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“…Thus, in a farm with an acceptable and average level of micromycete contamination of fodder, uterine subinvolution did not exceed 20-30%, acute postpartum metritis 25%, and subclinical metritis 35%. At the same time, obstetric and gynecological diseases were registered 2-3 times more often in animals from farms with a high level of feed contamination by mold fungi and their toxins (Chekan et al, 2022). The structure of obstetric pathology in the 1st and 2nd departments of LLC AF "Moloko Vitchyzny" is shown in Table 1.…”

“…Contreras (2022). Other scientists indicate the development of postpartum pathology as a result of the action of mycotoxins, in particular zearalenone (Chekan et al, 2022).…”