Clinical and Parasitological Studies on Pulmonary and Hepatic Hydatid Cysts in Hospitalized Children and Adults

Abstract

A cross sectional study compared the clinical features of the pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts in children and adults and evaluated IHAT and ELISA techniques in diagnosis. The results showed that the patients ages were 5-14 years (10.6±3.7) in children and 16-75 years (32.2±14) in adults, patients 34 (75.5%) had liver cysts, 25 (55.5%) had pulmonary cysts and 7 (15.5%) had both liver and lung cysts. In hepatic hydatidosis, 7/34 (20.5%) cases were asymptomatic while others showed variable clinical manifestations. The commonest symptom was localized right hypochondrial pain in 13 (38.2%) and the least one was jaundice in 4 (11.7%). The commonest sign was abdominal masses on the right hypochondrium in 88.2% and the least one was ascites in 5.8%.The commonest symptom of pulmonary hydatidosis was chest pain in 8 (34.7%) followed by cough and hemoptysis on 4 (17.3%) and the least one was cough and fever (8.6%).Pulmonary hydatid cysts in children were significantly higher in males (17.3%) than females (4.3%), but without significance in adults (26% in male vs. 21.7% in females). Sex difference in hydatid cyst frequencies between adults and children was significant (P <0.05). Mixed hepatic and pulmonary cysts were less in children than in adults (14.3%vs 85.7%), with huge pulmonary cysts of 20 cm were more common in children (37.7%) than in adults (17.7%). The high sensitivity (95.5%) of ELISA-IgG recommended this test showed a dependable sero-diagnosing one.

Human Hydatidosis: A Negliged Zoonosis and Underdeclared at the University Hospital Center of Tlemcen, Algeria: 16 Years of Registration from 2003 to 2018

“…The hydatid cyst affects children and adults and both are susceptible to infection [16]. Our study showed that three children were affected (1.9%), this percentage is underestimated due to under-reporting of cases.…”

“…A study in Egypt [16] between 2013 and 2015 upon 45 patients showed that the hepatic hydatidosis prevalence increased in the age group > 40 years.…”

A Pioneer Usage of Gold Nanoparticles in Sandwich Elisa Based on Circulating Hydatid Antigen as a Tool for Improvement of Serodiagnostic Testing

“…This agreed with Salama et al (2014) in Egypt, Chalechale et al (2016) in Iran, Also Abdulhameed et al (2018) in Iraq particularly the right upper quadrant causing abdomen pain. El- Ghareeb et al (2016) reported asymptomatic hepatic hydatidosis patients (20.5%) as well as pulmonary ones (21.7%), but El-Sayed et al (2020) reported symptomatic lung patients presented with chronic cough (sometimes with accompanied with hemoptysis or evacuation of cyst material), chest pain, pleuritis or dyspnea, with more than one sign and symptoms in same patient mainly with lung infection. The clinical variations could due to variable sizes and sites of hydatid cysts exerting different mass effects on surrounding organs and complications (WHO, 2019).…”

A pioneer usage of nanogold sandwich ELISA in the detection of hydatid antigen in humans as a tool for improvement of serodiagnostic testing.

“…Asymptomatic hydatidosis cases were the commonest finding by 22.03% in the study of [26] and all variations in clinical data were due to variable sizes and sites of hydatid cysts exerting different mass effects on surrounding organs and complications were related to cysts rupture [32]. Other studies like [33] showed that the patient's reaction to hydatid infection ranged from tolerance for a long period without any symptoms to sudden, intense acute symptoms.…”