Clinical and Microbiological Profiles of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Seropositive Brazilians Undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV‐Seronegative Brazilians With Chronic Periodontitis

Gonçalves, Lúcio Souza; Ferreira, Sônia Maria Soares; Souza, Celso Oliveira; Souto, Renata; Colombo, Ana Paula Vieira

doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060040

Cited by 67 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies have indicated the importance of opportunistic bacteria such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, and M. salivarium, which are often described to be associated with patient risk factors such as cardiac problems and immunosuppression [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial complexes levels in conventional and self-ligating brackets

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial complexes levels in conventional and self-ligating brackets

et al. 2016

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“…HIV-positive individuals are at greater risk of dental caries and periodontal diseases than are HIV-negative individuals (71)(72)(73). The increased risk may be caused by depletion of CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ lymphocytes and resultant decreased host immune responses (16,74), increased S. mutans colonization (16), reduced salivary secretion (75,76), and/or poor oral hygiene (77).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Infection and Microbial Diversity in Saliva

et al. 2014

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f Limited information is available about the effects of HIV and subsequent antiretroviral treatment on host-microbe interactions. This study aimed to determine the salivary microbial composition for 10 HIV-seropositive subjects, before and 6 months after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), compared with that for 10 HIV-seronegative subjects. A conventional culture and two culture-independent analyses were used and consistently demonstrated differences in microbial composition among the three sets of samples. HIV-positive subjects had higher levels of total cultivable microbes, including oral streptococci, lactobacilli, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida, in saliva than did HIV-negative subjects. The total cultivable microbial levels were significantly correlated with CD4 ؉ T cell counts. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), which compared the overall microbial profiles, showed distinct fingerprinting profiles for each group. The human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM) assay, which compared the 16S rRNA genes, showed clear separation among the three sample groups. Veillonella, Synergistetes, and Streptococcus were present in all 30 saliva samples. Only minor changes or no changes in the prevalence of Neisseria, Haemophilus, Gemella, Leptotrichia, Solobacterium, Parvimonas, and Rothia were observed. Seven genera, Capnocytophaga, Slackia, Porphyromonas, Kingella, Peptostreptococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Atopobium, were detected only in HIVnegative samples. The prevalences of Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, Selenomonas, Actinomyces, Granulicatella, and Atopobium were increased after HAART. In contrast, the prevalence of Aggregatibacter was significantly decreased after HAART. The findings of this study suggest that HIV infection and HAART can have significant effects on salivary microbial colonization and composition.

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“…[1][2][3][7][8][9][10] Although the results of several studies have demonstrated that electronic probes (EP) have a high reliability and standard deviations of differences between duplicate CAL recordings as low as 0.13 mm, manual probes (MP) are still widely used in daily clinics and in clinical research trials. 2,[11][12][13] Based on the principles of Evidence Based Medicine in Dentistry, it is possible to assess literature using the principles defined as the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The aim of this practice is to provide the existing best answer, based on scientific evidence, to the clinical question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%