Clinical and Microbiological Performances and Effects on Lipid and Cytokine Production of a Ceruminolytic Ear Cleaner in Canine Erythemato-Ceruminous Otitis Externa

Moog, Fabien; Mivielle, Johanna; Brun, J; Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana; Amalric, Nicolas; Lecru, Line-Alice; Pressanti, Charline; Kondratjeva, Jevgenija; Combarros, Daniel; Fantini, Oscar; Cadiergues, Marie‐Christine

doi:10.3390/vetsci9040185

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Similar findings have been reported with IL-8 concentrations in the ear canal of ceruminous in dogs with OE were significantly decreased with the reduction of Malassezia organisms due to the use of ear cleaners (12). Previous studies have shown that Malassezia species induce IL-8 secretion by human keratinocytes (9,(14)(15)(16). Therefore, the increased IL-8/CXCL8 concentrations in ceruminous Malassezia OE may be related to the high number of Malassezia organisms that induce IL-8/CXCL8 secretion from epidermal keratinocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Non-invasive evaluation of cytokine expression using the cerumen of dogs with otitis externa

Yoon,

Park

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The development of a non-invasive method to analyze cytokine expression in the skin will provide further understanding of inflammatory skin disorders. This study aimed to evaluate cytokine expression in the skin through cerumen swabbing in dogs with otitis externa (OE) and to investigate whether increased cytokine expression in infected OE reflects the inflammatory status of the ear canal. Three groups consisting of control dogs (n = 24), dogs with ceruminous Malassezia OE (n = 25), and dogs with suppurative bacterial OE (n = 15) were included in the study. The concentrations of keratinocyte-derived cytokines including Interleukin (IL)-8/chemokine ligand (CXCL)8, IL-10, IL-6, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1ß in the cerumen of the ear canal of the included patients were analyzed using commercial ELISA kits. Additionally, correlations between cytokine levels and cytology scores (of Malassezia yeasts, cocci/rod-shaped bacteria, and inflammatory cells) were assessed. IL-8/CXCL8 concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with ceruminous Malassezia OE and dogs with suppurative bacterial OE than in control dogs. Furthermore, IL-8/CXCL8 concentrations positively correlated with Malassezia scores in dogs with ceruminous OE (r = 0.630) and with bacterial scores in dogs with suppurative OE (r = 0.601). In addition, increased expression of IL-6 and IL-1ß were detected in dogs with suppurative bacterial OE compared to those with Malassezia OE and control dogs, and showed positive correlation with inflammatory cell scores IL-6 r = 0.520, IL-1ß; r = 0.680). Therefore, keratinocyte-derived cytokines could be evaluated using non-invasive methods such as cerumen swabbing in dogs with OE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Non-invasive evaluation of cytokine expression using the cerumen of dogs with otitis externa

Yoon,

Park

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Ear cleaning is therefore essential in managing otitis 14,40 . In one study of a ceruminolytic/ceruminosolvent ear cleaner in erythroceruminous otitis, cleaning resulted in improved clinical and cytological scores, decreased debris, and altered lipid profiles 41 . The latter effect may promote a more diverse microbiome as a topical 'prebiotic'.…”

Section: Epidermal Migration and Ear Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing recurrent otitis externa in dogs: what have we learned and what can we do better?

Nuttall

2023

javma

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Recurrent otitis externa is a common problem in dogs. Topical treatment for each flare is successful in the short term, but repeated cycles of inflammation and infection lead to chronic inflammatory changes, pain and aversion, and antimicrobial resistance. These make the flares more frequent and harder to control. Eventually, the changes become irreversible and require a total ear canal ablation/lateral bulla osteotomy or ablative laser surgery. Most ear canal surgery is avoidable if recurrent otitis is properly managed at an earlier stage. This requires a different mindset and approach to these cases, taking advantage of recent research and clinical findings. Most importantly, clinicians must appreciate that all recurrent ear infections in dogs are secondary. To achieve a good long-term outcome, it is essential that all the underlying factors in each case are diagnosed and managed using the primary, secondary, predisposing, and perpetuating framework. This means that the primary condition must be diagnosed and managed, the secondary infection treated, predisposing risks identified and corrected, and the perpetuating factors reversed. Treatment is in 2 phases: induction to get the ears in remission and then long-term maintenance therapy to prevent relapses. Treatment should be appropriate to each dog but will typically involve ear cleaning, topical antimicrobial therapy, and topical or systemic glucocorticoids. Novel treatments for infection and inflammation will offer additional options in the future. Understanding the triggers for recurrent otitis in dogs will help clinicians plan effective management regimens that will make a huge difference to the quality of life of their patients and their owners.

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“…Antimicrobial, antimycotic, and anti-inflammatory medications are used as pharmacological support, but treatment failure and antimicrobial resistance are coercing the development of alternative approaches based on phytotherapeutic agents [28]. The most common bacteria isolated in canine OE cultures are Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., and Escherichia coli [27][28][29][30][31]. Colonization by opportunistic bacteria, yeast (such as Malassezia), and antimicrobial resistance could complicate the pathology and can pose a therapeutic challenge for veterinarians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Sempervivum tectorum L. Extract on Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Externa of Dogs

Dégi¹,

Imre²,

Herman³

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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The present study investigated the antimicrobial activity, total phenolic content, and proanthocyanidin concentration of ethanolic extracts from fresh leaves of Sempervivum tectorum L. The extracts were phytochemically analyzed and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The broth microdilution method was used to assess antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria isolated from ear swabs taken from dogs with otitis externa. Many compounds were present in the ethanolic aqueous extracts, which exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. They showed strong antibacterial activity against standard clinical Gram-positive strains such as S. aureus and Gram-negative strains such as P. aeruginosa. In our study, the obtained quantity of total phenolic compounds in the ethanol:water extract of leaves was 126.17 mg GAE/g. The proanthocyanidin concentration in the tested Sempervivum tectorum L. extracts was 15.39 mg PAC/g material. The high contents of total phenolics and proanthocyanidin indicated that these compounds contribute to antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of the tested S. tectorum L. extracts ranged from 1.47 to 63.75 µg/mL, starting with 1.47 µg/mL and 1.75 µg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains, respectively. Likewise, S. tectorum L. ethanol extract demonstrated a bacteriostatic effect against S. aureus clinical isolate with a median MIC of 23.25 µg/mL and MBC of 37.23 µg/mL; and bactericidal against S. aureus ATCC 25923 with the median MIC of 20.33 µg/mL and MBC of 37.29 µg/mL. In the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa clinical and standard strains, the expressed MIC and MBC values were 24.234 and 20.53 µg/mL for MIC, and 37.30 and 37.02 µg/mL for MBC, respectively.

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Clinical and Microbiological Performances and Effects on Lipid and Cytokine Production of a Ceruminolytic Ear Cleaner in Canine Erythemato-Ceruminous Otitis Externa

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Non-invasive evaluation of cytokine expression using the cerumen of dogs with otitis externa

Non-invasive evaluation of cytokine expression using the cerumen of dogs with otitis externa

Managing recurrent otitis externa in dogs: what have we learned and what can we do better?

Antimicrobial Activity of Sempervivum tectorum L. Extract on Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Externa of Dogs

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