Clinical and Laboratory Analysis of Influenza B Infection in Children in Taichung, Taiwan during the 2006-2007 Flu Season

Wang, Cheng-Chieh; Chen, Po‐Yen; Wang, Jiann-Der; Liu, Fang-Ching; Huang, Fang‐Liang; Lee, Chun-Yi

doi:10.1016/s1875-9572(09)60033-4

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…One of the biological factors that had been reported to influence antigenicity is the glycosylation patterns of HA. 31 , 32 However, we found no obvious association between the number of potential glycosylation sites on the different HAs we tested here with the pattern of antibody responses we observed. 33 , 34 Barring these and subtype-specific differences, the other distinguishing feature between the HA of avian- and human-origin influenza viruses is the receptor-binding specificity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines

et al. 2017

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Conventional inactivated avian influenza vaccines have performed poorly in past vaccine trials, leading to the hypothesis that they are less immunogenic than seasonal influenza vaccines. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the immunogenicity of the H5N1 and H7N9 vaccines (avian influenza vaccines) to a seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in naïve ferrets, administered with or without the adjuvants MF59 or AS03. Vaccine immunogenicity was assessed by measuring neutralizing antibody titers against hemagglutinin and neuraminidase and by hemagglutinin -specific IgG levels. Two doses of unadjuvanted vaccines induced low or no HA-specific IgG responses and hemagglutination-inhibiting titers. Adjuvanted vaccines induced comparable IgG-titers, but poorer neutralizing antibody titers for the H5 vaccine. All adjuvanted vaccines elicited detectable anti- neuraminidase -antibodies with the exception of the H5N1 vaccine, likely due to the low amounts of neuraminidase in the vaccine. Overall, the H5N1 vaccine had poorer capacity to induce neutralizing antibodies, but not HA-specific IgG, compared to H7N9 or trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines

et al. 2017

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“…We found no association between myalgias and CK values. Eleven of the patients (84.6%) with elevated CK levels, compared with only four (40%) of the patients with normal CK levels had myalgia 11 . No case of rhabdomyolysis was observed.…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dmentioning

confidence: 94%

Neurologic Manifestations in a Prospective Unselected Series of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Objective:Increasing number of neurological problems are being described in COVID-19 disease, but their frequency and type have not been defined. In this study we sought to determine the extent of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in a prospective series of unselected patients admitted to the general medicine wards of our hospitals due to COVID-19 and who were examined by a team of neurologists.Methods:Eight neurologists provided medical attention to patients hospitalized for COVID-19 to provide medical support to other hospital units tasked with the care of an increasingly larger influx of COVID-19 patients. A series of 100 consecutive, unselected patients were evaluated systematically, including a questionnaire that collected medical information derived from the initial exam and the medical history.Results:Eighty-eight percent of the patients had one neurological manifestation associated with COVID-19 during hospitalization. Most common were anosmia-dysgeusia and headache (44% each), myalgias (43%), and dizziness (36%). Less frequent were encephalopathy (8%), syncope (7%), seizures (2%), and ischemic stroke during the period of hospitalization (2%). Anosmia and headache associated with younger patients with less severe disease, and both were associated with each other and with serum inflammatory markers. Encephalopathy was associated with fever and syncope and with markers of inflammation.Conclusions:Neurological disturbances are common in COVID-19 patients, particularly if patients are evaluated by neurologists. There is a wide variety of neurological conditions, some of them severe, in the spectrum of COVID-19 disease that will benefit from an evaluation by practicing neurologists.

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“…Pulmonary complications such as primary viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial or fungal pneumonia, combined viral-bacterial pneumonia, and exacerbations of chronic pulmonary diseases have been described (Aebi et al, 2010; Chen et al, 2011; Gutierrez-Pizarraya et al, 2012; Krell et al, 2003; Paddock et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2009; Yusuf et al, 2007). Importantly, histological evidence of interstitial pneumonia and immunohistochemical features of alveoli involvements during influenza B virus infections was provided for fatal cases (Paddock et al, 2012).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestation Of Infection Causmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study also found that bacterial superinfections were more common in patients over 18 (Paddock et al, 2012). Several single-patient reports of severe influenza B suggested complication with acute respiratory distress syndrome (Cardoso et al, 2012; Lu et al, 2004; Namendys-Silva et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2009). …”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestation Of Infection Causmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza B virus infection: Efficacy and resistance

2013

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Many aspects of the biology and epidemiology of influenza B viruses are far less studied than for influenza A viruses, and one of these aspects is effectiveness and resistance to the clinically available antiviral drugs, the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs). Acute respiratory infections are one of the leading causes of death in children and adults, and influenza is among the few respiratory infections that can be prevented and treated by vaccination and antiviral treatment. Recent data has suggested that influenza B virus infections are of specific concern to pediatric patients because of the increased risk of severe disease. Treatment of influenza B is a challenging task for the following reasons: NAIs (e.g., oseltamivir and zanamivir) are the only FDA-approved class of antivirals available for treatment;the data suggest that oseltamivir is less effective than zanamivir in pediatric patients;zanamivir is not prescribed to patients younger than 7;influenza B viruses are less susceptible than influenza A viruses to NAIs in vitro;although the level of resistance to NAIs is low, the number of different molecular markers of resistance is higher than for influenza A viruses, and they are not well defined;the relationship between levels of NAI phenotypic resistance and known molecular markers, frequency of emergence, transmissibility, and fitness of NAI-resistant variants are not well established. This review presents current knowledge of the effectiveness of NAIs for influenza B virus and antiviral resistance in clinical, surveillance, and experimental studies.

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Clinical and Laboratory Analysis of Influenza B Infection in Children in Taichung, Taiwan during the 2006-2007 Flu Season

Abstract: Most children who contracted influenza B infection had not been vaccinated. Almost half the children had leukopenia, and some had leukocytosis, but thrombocytopenia was rare. There was a significant association between raised CK levels and myalgia in influenza B infection.

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines

H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines

Neurologic Manifestations in a Prospective Unselected Series of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza B virus infection: Efficacy and resistance

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