Clinical and laboratorial features of oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients

Spalanzani, Regiane Nogueira; Mattos, Karine; Marques, Luiza Inahê; Barros, Pedro Fernando Diniz; Pereira, Pamela Iruama Peres; Paniago, Anamaria Mello Miranda; Mendes, Rinaldo Pôncio; Chang, Marilene Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0241-2017

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…[ 37 ] Conversely, contradictory observations were disclosed in western country studies which revealed C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis as the frequently isolated species. [ 38 ] All such elucidations emphasize that distribution of NACs has geographical precision[ 39 ] and also emerging drug-resistant NACs profile in HIV patients confront the challenge to select an empiric treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of oral candidal species with human immunodeficiency virus patients of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh – An in vitro study

Nalabolu

Pallavi

Birajdar

2021

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol

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Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major worldwide health problem characterized by progressive immunosuppression. The morbidity of HIV patients is due to its association with opportunistic infections among which oral candidiasis is common. Regardless of HIV status, candidiasis can prevail when their immune system is depressed. Oral candidiasis can thus serve as a useful marker for both restoration of immune functions and HIV disease progression. Routine identification of Candida species is laborious and time-consuming. HICHROM agar stains different species into different colors facilitating rapid reliable identification of candida species as they differ in their virulence and sensitivity to antifungal drugs. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study includes a total of 200 HIV seropositive patients from Anti-Retroviral Therapy Centre, West Godavari District. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected in a screw-capped universal container. Five microliters of each sample using a sterile inoculating loop is streaked on the chromogenic agar culture media. The colonies formed are counted using a magnifying glass and LAPIZ colony counter. Candidal colony-forming units per milliliter were analyzed, compared and correlated among different study groups. Different candida species were also identified in the study. Results: Nonalbicans Candida was the most common species isolated in our study accounting for 53% and Candida albicans accounting for 47%. Considering initial and final CD4 counts, there is improvement in patients on retroviral therapy. Conclusion: Identification of the species is important for epidemiological reasons and for treatment purposes to ensure a better prognosis since some species present reduced susceptibility to azoles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 5 ] Thus, dentists and clinical microbiologists are at an urge to identify Candida at the species level, to en route appropriate therapeutics and optimize treatment. [ 39 48 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of oral candidal species with human immunodeficiency virus patients of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh – An in vitro study

Nalabolu

Pallavi

Birajdar

2021

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol

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“…Therefore, the presence of Candida in the oral cavity as a marker of HIV progression should not be overlooked. [10] Additionally, defects in specific TCD4 cell subsets may cause some of these infections, such as mycobacteriosis and candidiasis. [33] Regarding smoking habits it is important to highlight the fact that products that cause combustion such as cigarettes favor the development of candidiasis considering that smoke irritates the mucous membranes and lacerations facilitate the penetration of fungus in the oral mucosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] Additionally, in-depth knowledge regarding the Candida colonization process in PLHIV is significantly important for the early recognition and diagnosis of advanced, considering the fact that oral candidiasis is identified as a predictor factor of AIDS. [10,11] Therefore, this exploratory study aimed to analyze the association between the isolation of Candida in the oral cavity and the sociodemographic and clinical factors (smoking habits, alcohol consumption, nutritional status, sleep quality, and sedentary lifestyle) of PLHIV and to analyze the virulence factors of extracellular phospholipase (Pz) and hemolytic activities in the isolated Candida strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with the isolation of Candida Spp. from the oral microbiota of people living with HIV

Silva

Brito

et al. 2020

CNS

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This study aimed to analyze the association between the isolation of Candida species in the oral cavity and the clinical and virulence factors of people living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This cross-sectional study, comprising 106 people living with HIV who were evaluated in an HIV-AIDS outpatient clinic in Fortaleza, Northeast of Brazil, data collection were conducted during August and November 2018. A saliva sample was also collected to isolate Candida. The virulence factors of extracellular and hemolytic phospholipase activities in isolated Candida strains were analyzed. The prevalence of oral Candida was 40.6%, and the presence of oral Candida was associated with smoking habits (p = .005), daily smoking (p = .026), low weight (p = .030), history of hospitalization (p = .014), TCD4 lymphocyte count < 200 cells/mm3 (p = .018), and detectable viral load (p = .005). The multivariate analysis revealed that the variables smoking habits (p = .008), viral load (p = .011), and body mass index (p = .011) were associated with the presence of oral Candida. Strong hemolytic and phospholipase activities were, respectively, identified in 74.4% and 72% of the isolated strains, mainly Candida albicans. As a main conclusion, the isolation of Candida from the oral cavity in people living with HIV/AIDS, has a strong association with the use of tobacco, even under anappropriate treatment.

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“…A candidíase bucal é a infecção fúngica oportunista mais comum em indivíduos infectados com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), sendo objeto de grande estudo os constituintes sintéticos ou biológicos para controle do biofilme formado por este patógeno. Esse tipo de infecção geralmente é detectado por sinais clínicos, necessitando de testes mais específicos por culturas de sangue, embora ainda seja um desafio para os médicos e microbiologistas (Melo & Guerra, 2014;Spalanzani, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Uso clínico de produtos do Cymbopogon citratus stapf em patologias bucais: revisão integrativa

Viana

Alverga

Rodrigues

et al. 2021

RSD

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão integrativa que aborde a contribuição do Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf no tratamento de Candida nas doenças da cavidade bucal. Foram selecionados artigos publicados nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE/PUBMED, utilizando os descritores: Cymbopogon, Candida e candidíase bucal. Adotando como critérios de inclusão estudos que apresentaram relação com o objetivo da revisão e presença dos descritores supracitados no título, resumo e corpo do texto em português e ou inglês. A seleção dos artigos resultou em 67 estudos, os quais, 16 foram selecionados para compor a amostra, que demonstrou as formas de utilização do C. citratus e sua ação no tratamento da candidíase bucal. Os estudos mostram a eficácia da utilização do C. citratus no tratamento de infecções gênero Candida que acometem a cavidade bucal, principalmente como forma de complementação do tratamento. Entretanto é necessário cautela para a prescrição do uso, visto que a maioria dos estudos foram realizados em laboratórios, não sendo testados in vivo. Conclui-se que o C. citratus apresenta ação antifúngica contra o gênero Candida tanto na forma de óleo como de extrato, embora alguns estudos evidenciem citotoxicidade e mutagenicidade, que devem ser considerados para a segurança de sua utilização.

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Clinical and laboratorial features of oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients

Abstract: Oral lesions were associated with higher immunosuppression levels. Lower susceptibility to antifungals by non-albicans isolates supports the importance of surveillance studies using susceptibility tests to aid in the treatment.

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Association of oral candidal species with human immunodeficiency virus patients of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh – An in vitro study

Association of oral candidal species with human immunodeficiency virus patients of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh – An in vitro study

Factors associated with the isolation of Candida Spp. from the oral microbiota of people living with HIV

Uso clínico de produtos do Cymbopogon citratus stapf em patologias bucais: revisão integrativa

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