“…Although helminth infections cause morbidity and mortality in captive and wild birds of prey, helminths are not usually considered important pathogens ( Krone and Cooper, 2002 ; Krone, 2007 ). However, few studies have dealt with the pathogenicity and impacts of helminths in wild populations of birds of prey ( Ward, 1975 ; Redig, 1993 ; Smith, 1993 , 1996 ; Lacina and Bird, 2000 ; Krone and Cooper, 2002 ; Krone, 2007 ; Atkinson et al, 2008 ; Coulson et al, 2010 ; Santos et al, 2010 ; Andery et al, 2013 ; Vasilevytch et al, 2016 ).…”