Clinical and functional approaches to comprehensive treatment of periodontal diseases in children with type I diabetes

Post-prosthetic complications during dental implantation are accompanied by pain symptoms leading to disorders of the psychoemotional state. All this influences the behavior of patients. In addition, psychoemotional stress is often a factor of provocation and persistence of the complications. The presence of a stress state in the identified pathology, as well as the influence of various therapies on the treatment of post-prosthetic complications, is reflected in the dynamics of changes in the concentrations of both catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) and glucocorticoids (cortisol) — hormones of the medulla and the adrenal cortex. The aim: to conduct an immunological analysis of the stress response in patients with postprosthetic complications during dental implantation. Materials and methods: The study was performed in 120 patients with post-prosthetic complications during dental implantation before and during treatment: Group I (control) — 30 patients treated with the conventional therapy; group II — 30 patients treated with ozone therapy in addition to the conventional therapy; group III — 30 patients treated with transcranial electrical stimulation in addition to the conventional therapy; Group IV — 30 patients treated with a combination of conventional therapy, ozone therapy and transcranial electrical stimulation. The concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, alkaline phosphatase, and the Garkavi index were evaluated. Results: The change in these indicators after the treatment indicates the normalization of the level of the studied enzymes — markers of bone homeostasis, which is confirmed by an improvement in the clinical picture in the oral cavity. Conclusion: changes in immunological parameters objectively reflect the psychoemotional state of patients. The nature of changes in the hormonal stress response to the treatment of post-prosthetic complications indicates the effectiveness of the therapeutic regimens used, and, as a result, a decrease in both pain symptoms and psychoemotional stress.

Section: R E L E V a N C Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Assessment of the Stress Response in Patients With Inflammatory Postprothetic Complications

Makedonova¹,

Михальченко²,

Kurkina³

et al. 2021

“…There is scientific evidence proving that most periodontal tissues (gum, periosteum, bone tissue of the well and of the alveolar process, the periodontium ligament system) have connective tissue origin, and dysplastic changes (hemorrhagic syndrome; microcirculatory disorders; insufficiency of nonspecific resistance mechanisms; failure of bone, muscle and fibrous structures) intensify inflammation and destructive pathological processes, affect negatively reparative and physiological regeneration mechanisms, and slow down bone remodeling. This pathogenetic complex develops ground for an early onset of periodontium issues, facilitates their progression, chronic course with a high rate of exacerbations, while conventional dental measures employed to treat patients with periodontal diseases associated with connective tissue dysplasia do not allow arriving at immediate and long-term outcomes of periodontal treatment [8,21,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Tissue Morphology in Children With Abnormal Occlusion and Connective Tissue Dysplasia Syndrome

Domenyuk¹,

Kochkonyan²,

Дмитриенко³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

The study involved an analysis of the data gum biopsies obtained through light microscopy and polarization microscopy in order to identify pathomorphological features and the collagen Type I & Type III ratio in 56 children with occlusion issues, periodontal diseases and various undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD). 32 healthy children with intact periodontium served as a control group. For the histological examination of gum biopsies, the respective sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, while Picro-Sirius Red Stain Kit reagents were used to assess the Type I and Type III collagen distribution in the gum connective tissue. The image processing was performed in the ImageJ 1.47 software, while when analyzing the color histograms, the ratio of the red pixels (Type I collagen) and the green pixels (Type III collagen) was identified. The Type I/III collagen ratio (1.41±0.09) in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, occlusion issues and a “prominent” degree of UCTD was found to be significantly lower (p≤0.05) the similar ratio observed in patients with clinically healthy periodontium (2.01±0.09), as well as in patients with “mild” and “moderate” UCTD (1.63 ± 0.17) with homogeneous clinical and morphological dental manifestations. The effectiveness of the developed comprehensive dental treatment program for periodontal issues in children with abnormal occlusion associated with UCTD, including conservative anti-inflammatory treatment, pharmacological correction and orthodontic treatment, is justified by an increase in the amount of mature Type I collagen, a decrease in the developing immature Type III collagen, and inflammation in the periodontal tissues. A sufficient degree of maturity and differentiation of connective tissue was also achieved.

“…Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease entailing a high level of complications [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The literature claims [9][10][11] that violated connections of protein and mineral components, as well as deteriorated trophic tissues in case of diabetes mellitus lead to delayed remodeling of bone tissue, which is the factor determining its density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Optical Density of Alveolar Bone in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Prozorova¹,

Fadeev²,

Weber³

et al. 2021

The study involved an analysis of optical density of the maxillary and mandibular bone tissue based on cone-beam computed tomography data. It has been shown that the structure and bone tissue density depend on the severity of diabetes mellitus and complications. The results of the study revealed a significant decrease in the bone tissue optical density at the tooth necks in people suffering from diabetes mellitus, whereas fewer changes were manifested at the middle third of the dental roots. Minor changes or even an increase in the optical density were observed at the dental root tips.