Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Ent Pathology in Children

Abstract

Relevance. The insufficiency of studies on the field study of the structure and level of ENT morbidity, which affects the quality and life expectancy of a person in all social and age-sex groups of the population, indicates the relevance of this work.
 Purpose of the study A retrospective analysis of the indicators of the appealability of pediatric patients with ENT pathology.
 Material and research methods. In accordance with the set goal and objectives, the study was conducted in the period 2015-2019. An assessment was made of the condition of the ENT organs in children.
 Results of researches. The obtained data of statistical analysis confirm the high incidence of patients with allergic and catarrhal rhinitis, chronic pharyngitis, sinusitis, inflammatory diseases of the tonsils and adenoid vegetations, etc. Along with the high prevalence of adenoid vegetations, an increase in chronic rhinosinusitis was also observed. On average for 5 years, such diseases of the paranasal sinuses as acute rhinosinusitis 20.7±1.40% and chronic rhinosinusitis 7.8±0.93% prevail. At the same time, the prevalence of injuries to the bones of the nose and nosebleeds decreased during the study period. The data obtained determine the need for timely detection of diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children at the early stages of their development and the organization of measures for systematic dispensary observation.
 Conclusions.
 
 The pathological incidence of ENT diseases in children, being high, nevertheless does not exceed the similar indicators recorded at the final stage of the research.
 In the structure of ENT pathology of preschool age, the leading place belongs to diseases of the ear.
 Considering that the lowest prevalence rates of ENT diseases fall on the last year of observation, further reorganization of ENT care for the children's population and periodic preventive medical examinations with the involvement of certain individuals in medical examinations are necessary.