Clinical and Epidemiologic Characterization of WU Polyomavirus Infection, St. Louis, Missouri

Le, Binh Minh; Demertzis, Lee M.; Wu, Guang; Tibbets, Robert J.; Buller, Richard S.; Arens, Max Q.; Gaynor, Anne; Storch, Gregory A.; Wang, David

doi:10.3201/eid1312.070977

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The rates of detection for the symptomatic children in our study are similar to those observed in prior studies (1,3,4). As in studies by others, we detected WUV in asymptomatic and symptomatic children (3)(4)(5)13). This fi nding provides further evidence that asymptomatic infection of WUV may occur.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Role of Human Polyomaviruses in Respiratory Tract Disease in Young Children

Wattier¹,

Vázquez²,

Weibel³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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KI virus was detected in respiratory secretions of 8/367 (2.2%) symptomatic and 0/96 asymptomatic children (p = 0.215). WU virus was detected in 26/367 (7.1%) of symptomatic children and 6/96 (6.3%) asymptomatic children (p = 1.00). These human polyomaviruses may not independently cause respiratory tract disease in young children. I n 2007, 2 new human polyomaviruses, KI virus (KIV)and WU virus (WUV), were identifi ed by molecular screening of respiratory secretions from children <2 years of age with symptomatic respiratory tract disease (1,2). Both viruses have since been detected in asymptomatic children and in those concurrently infected with other respiratory viruses, suggesting that KIV and WUV may not cause respiratory tract disease (3-5). To further understand the epidemiology of these viruses in young children and to clarify their association with symptomatic respiratory tract infections in this age group, we screened respiratory specimens from both asymptomatic and symptomatic children for the presence of KIV and WUV. The StudyRespiratory specimens from 2 groups of children (all <2 years of age) were collected in 2004 and screened for KIV and WUV. The fi rst group comprised symptomatic children whose respiratory specimens were submitted to the Clinical Virology Laboratory, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut. These respiratory specimens tested negative for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfl uenza viruses (types 1-3), infl uenza viruses A and B, and adenovirus by direct fl uorescence antibody assay. The second group comprised asymptomatic children at the hospital-affi liated pediatric clinic for well-child care. Nucleic acids were extracted from each specimen by using QIAamp nucleic acid purifi cation kits (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA, USA). Samples were screened by nested PCR for both KIV and WUV (for WUV, the fi rst primers were those used by Gaynor et. al., and the nested primers were 5′-GCGCATCAAGAGGCACAGCTACTATTTC-3′ and 5′-GCGCCTAGCCTGTGAACTCCATC-3′). The G/C clamp for each primer is underlined. (1,2). Positive and negative controls were included in each set of PCRs. All PCR products were sequenced. Any child who had multiple specimens with positive results was included once in the total number of children whose specimens tested positive for a given virus.Specimens from symptomatic children who tested positive for KIV or WUV were also screened for human bocavirus (HBoV); human metapneumovirus (hMPV); human coronaviruses (HCoV) 229E, NL63, and HKU1; and human picornaviruses (including rhinoviruses [HRV]) by using previously described methods (6-12). To screen for human parainfl uenzavirus type 4 and HCoV OC43, RNA extraction and reverse transcription were performed as previously described (7). The primers used to amplify hPIV4 were 5′-GCGAGAGGATCCAGCTGGTGGC-3′ and 5′-GCGCCCTAATCTTTCCTGTTGATGG-3′. The primers for HCoV-OC43 were 5′-GCATAAGCCCC GCCAGAAGAGGAG-3′ and 5′-GCGCTGACGCTGTG GTTTTGGACT-3′.We tested 423 direct fl uorescent antibody-negative respiratory specimens, from 367 children,...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Role of Human Polyomaviruses in Respiratory Tract Disease in Young Children

Wattier¹,

Vázquez²,

Weibel³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Similarly, in a large study carried out on 2,637 nasopharyngeal swabs or nasal washes, WUPyV was mainly detected in immunocompromised children. In some cases, WUPyV was the sole virus detected which suggests that the virus may be a respiratory pathogen (44). Murez et al (23), detected KIPyV and WUPyV in respiratory tract samples of severely immunocompromised patients.…”

Section: Kipyv and Wupyv Infection And Immunocompromised Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human polyomaviruses KI and WU: virological background and clinical implications

Babakir‐Mina

Ciccozzi²,

Perno

et al. 2013

APMIS

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Babakir-Mina M, Ciccozzi M, Perno CF, Ciotti M. The human polyomaviruses KI and WU: virological background and clinical implications. APMIS 2013; 121: 746-54. In 2007, two novel polyomaviruses KI and WU were uncovered in the respiratory secretions of children with acute respiratory symptoms. Seroepidemiological studies showed that infection by these viruses is widespread in the human population. Following these findings, different biological specimens and body compartments have been screened by real-time PCR in the attempt to establish a pathogenetic role for KI polyomavirus (KIPyV) and WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) in human diseases. Although both viruses have been found mainly in respiratory tract samples of immunocompromised patients, a clear causative link with the respiratory disease has not been established. Indeed, the lack of specific clinical or radiological findings, the frequent co-detection with other respiratory pathogens, the detection in subjects without signs or symptoms of respiratory disease, and the variability of the viral loads measured did not allow drawing a definitive conclusion. Prospective studies carried out on a large sample size including both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with and without respiratory symptoms are needed. Standardized quantitative real-time PCR methods, definition of a clear clinical cutoff value, timing in the collection of respiratory samples, are also crucial to understand the pathogenic role, if any, of KIPyV and WUPyV in human pathology.

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“…As a result, a new polyomavirus was identified and subsequently recovered from symptomatic children in Australia and the United States. 96 Similarly, Palacios et al 97 used unbiased high-throughput sequencing to identify a previously unknown Old World arenavirus in specimens collected from 3 recipients of visceral organ transplants from a single donor, who each died of a febrile illness. These genome-based techniques should now be applied to highly important clinical scenarios, such as culture-negative sepsis or pneumonia, in which a bacterial infection is strongly suspected, but no known pathogens are recovered.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnostic Tests Are Developedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Genomics in Infectious Disease and the Clinical Pathology Laboratory

Olsen¹,

Long²,

Musser³

2012

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.—Throughout history, technologic advancements have fueled the engine of innovation, which, in turn, has driven discovery. Accordingly, recent advancements in DNA sequencing technology are revolutionizing bacterial genomics. Objective.—To review important developments from the literature. The current state of bacterial genomics, with an emphasis on human pathogens and the clinical pathology laboratory, will be discussed. Data Sources.—A comprehensive review was performed of the relevant literature indexed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and referenced medical texts. Conclusions.—Many important discoveries bearing on infectious disease research and pathology laboratory practice have been achieved through whole-genome sequencing strategies. Bacterial genomics has improved our understanding of molecular pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, and antibiotic-resistance mechanisms. Bacterial genomics has also facilitated the study of population structures, epidemics and outbreaks, and newly identified pathogens. Many opportunities now exist for clinical pathologists to contribute to bacterial genomics, including in the design of new diagnostic tests, therapeutic agents, and vaccines.

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Clinical and Epidemiologic Characterization of WU Polyomavirus Infection, St. Louis, Missouri

Cited by 71 publications

References 2 publications

Role of Human Polyomaviruses in Respiratory Tract Disease in Young Children

Role of Human Polyomaviruses in Respiratory Tract Disease in Young Children

The human polyomaviruses KI and WU: virological background and clinical implications

Bacterial Genomics in Infectious Disease and the Clinical Pathology Laboratory

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