Clinical and Electroencephalographic Correlations with Serum Levels of Diphenylhydantoin

Buchthal, Fritz; Svensmark, Ole; Schiller, Poul J.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1960.03840120030004

Cited by 269 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Plasma concentration of phenytoin is a wellestablished guide to drug dosage in epileptic subjects and correlates well with control of seizures (Buchthal, Svensmark & Schiller, 1960) but the need for venepuncture limits the wide use of this measurement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance with anticonvulsant therapy in a hospital clinic and in the community.

Mucklow¹,

Dollery²

1978

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1Seizure control, saliva anticonvulsant concentration, prescribing habits and compliance with anticonvulsant medication have been compared in 86 epileptic subjects attending either a specialist hospital clinic or general practice surgeries. 2 Of all subjects experiencing recurrent seizures 7096 had saliva concentrations of phenytoin below the range equivalent to the 'therapeutic range' of plasma concentration. Mean saliva phenytoin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two treatment settings and were low largely because of the low mean dosage prescribed. 3 Eleven subjects in all had no detectable phenytoin in their saliva and could clearly be identified as noncompliant. Freedom from seizures appeared to predispose to poor compliance in these subjects as well as among those admitting repeated omission of doses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance with anticonvulsant therapy in a hospital clinic and in the community.

Mucklow¹,

Dollery²

1978

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…For most human adults, a satisfactory maintenance dosage will be 4 -7 mg / kg per day, but the dose we used on the rats in the experimental group in this study was estimated to be 10 to 20 times higher than that for humans even in group L. The serum PHT level of the experimental rats, however, was not as high as the clinically effective serum level, 10 -20 µg / ml, in humans (32). The short plasma half-life of PHT in the rat compared to man suggested the possibility that failure to produce gingival overgrowth in the rat may be the result of its rapid metabolism and the disappearance of PHT from the plasma (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Establishment of Rat Model of Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth Induced by Continuous Administration of Phenytoin

Tamamori¹,

Tamura²,

Yamazaki³

et al. 2005

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. It is well-known that the anticonvulsant drug, phenytoin (PHT), induces gingival overgrowth as a side effect. The mechanism of PHT-induced gingival overgrowth, however, is not well understood. One reason for this is the lack of an adequate animal model for the PHT-induced gingival overgrowth. The purpose of this study was to establish a rat model of the drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Fourteen-day-old rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (5 rats / group). The control rats received only the vehicle. The rats in the experimental group were injected with 50 mg / kg per day (group L) and 100 mg / kg per day (group H) of PHT. They received a subcutaneous injection of vehicle or PHT twice a day for 42 days. A charge-coupled device (CCD) laser displacement sensor was used for measurement of the severity of gingival overgrowth of the mandibles. There was no significant difference in the growth of rats between the PHT-injected and the control groups. The CCD laser displacement sensor can measure minute changes in the gingival overgrowth in rats, and a significant extension of the buccal gingiva was observed in groups L and H. Using the CCD sensor, it is possible to quantify the change in the gingiva under precise control of the PHT dose.

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“…Phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, DPH) has long been the drug of choice for the treatment of many types of epilepsy. The minimum effective serum concentration of phenytoin is generally in the region of 10 Mg/ml (Buchthal, Svensmark & Schiller, 1960) and the optimum therapeutic range 10-20,ug/ml. Low (Tigelaar, Rapport, Inman & Kupferberg, 1973;Cook, Kepler & Dix Christensen, 1973) (Table 5).…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of phenytoin in man measured by radioimmunoassay.

Robinson¹,

Morris²,

Aherne³

1975

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Clinical and Electroencephalographic Correlations with Serum Levels of Diphenylhydantoin

Abstract: In a previous study2 a method was

Cited by 269 publications

References 3 publications

Compliance with anticonvulsant therapy in a hospital clinic and in the community.

Compliance with anticonvulsant therapy in a hospital clinic and in the community.

Establishment of Rat Model of Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth Induced by Continuous Administration of Phenytoin

Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of phenytoin in man measured by radioimmunoassay.

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