Clinical and economic benefits of professional CGM among people with type 2 diabetes in the United States: analysis of claims and lab data

Sierra, Joseph A; Shah, Mona; Gill, Max; Flores, Zachery; Chawla, Hiten; Kaufman, Francine; Vigersky, Robert A.

doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1390474

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Professional CGM can be a useful patient teaching tool and can provide important data for pattern identification and insulin dose adjustments. This intervention has been shown to assist patients in reaching their glycemic targets and to improve physical activity and promote other positive behavioral changes (19,20). One study of 52 patients with type 2 diabetes demonstrated that using professional CGM as a part of diabetes education resulted in higher levels of physical activity (P <0.05) and decreases in BMI and A1C compared to patients not using professional CGM (19).…”

Section: Considerations For Selecting a Personal Cgm Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Versus Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring: When to Use Which on Whom

Longo

Sperling

2019

Diabetes Spectrum

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■ IN BRIEF With the introduction of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems to the marketplace, providers and patients now have several options to continuously monitor glucose levels. This article addresses appropriate patient selection criteria for using patient-or practice-based CGM systems and the barriers to achieving optimal benefits from this technology. The authors have developed a flowchart to guide clinicians and patients in decision-making regarding the most appropriate type of CGM to use in various circumstances.

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Section: Considerations For Selecting a Personal Cgm Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Versus Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring: When to Use Which on Whom

Longo

Sperling

2019

Diabetes Spectrum

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“…The use of professional CGM in clinical practice has demonstrated a reduction in the total cost of care and improved glycemic management; however, only for the sub‐groups of patients who utilized a professional CGM more than once within an 1‐year period or those who received an intervention in their diabetes therapy . There was no improvement in glycemic control in those not receiving therapy modification during use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of professional continuous glucose monitoring by clinical pharmacists in an ambulatory care setting

Dril

Schumacher

2019

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Introduction: Use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the management of diabetes continues to grow. Despite professional-use CGM serving as an opportunity for clinical pharmacists to improve care and generate revenue for managing patients with diabetes, there is limited literature describing their involvement with this technology. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine if professional CGM improves measures of glycemic control including percentage of time in target glycemic range, change in estimated average interstitial glucose, and change in hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) from baseline to postintervention. Secondary objectives were to evaluate revenue generation measured by reimbursement rates for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 95250 and 95251 and utilization of clinical pharmacist services related to professional CGM.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, retrospective, pre-post intervention analysis. Patients that had a professional CGM placed and more than 24 hours of data interpreted by a clinical pharmacist were included for analysis. All clinical data were extracted from patients' electronic medical records, while reimbursement data were provided by the organization's billing department.Results: Twenty-nine patients that received professional CGM were included for analysis.Patients' mean baseline and post-intervention HbA 1c were 9.0% and 8.3%, respectively (P = 0.156). There was no difference in the mean percentage of time in target glycemic range (P = 0.966) or mean estimated average interstitial glucose (P = 0.779) from baseline to postintervention. Patients met with clinical pharmacists for a total of 68 follow-up visits during their individual 14-day wear periods, 14 of which were unanticipated visits. The mean payment amount for CPT code 95250 was $126.87, while $39.17 was received for 95251.Conclusions: Clinical pharmacist-led professional CGM did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in measures of glycemic control; however, the 14-day device wear period provided opportunities for optimization of antihyperglycemic therapy that resulted in a clinically significant reduction in HbA 1c and reimbursement for clinical pharmacy services. K E Y W O R D S ambulatory care, blood glucose self-monitoring, clinical decision-making, clinical pharmacy services, diabetes mellitus, patient-centered care, primary care

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“…Additionally, the experts suggest: "All patients should receive training in how to interpret and respond to their glucose data […]. Economic benefits were documented in a study from the USA (32). Economic benefits were documented in a study from the USA (32).…”

Section: Glucose Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patient education and training for CGM should utilize standardized programs with follow-up to improve adherence and facilitate appropriate use of data and diabetes therapies" (28). Economic benefits were documented in a study from the USA (32). An additional field in which CGM seems to be very interesting and helpful is diabetes and pregnancy.…”

Section: Glucose Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology in Diabetes Treatment: Update and Future

Schiel¹,

Bambauer²,

Steveling

2018

Artificial Organs

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Worldwide the number of people with diabetes mellitus is increasing. There are estimations that diabetes is one of the leading causes of death. The most important goals for the treatment of diabetes are self‐management of the disease and an optimal quality of diabetes control. In the therapy new technologies, like real‐time continuous interstitial glucose monitoring, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), electronic tools for the monitoring of therapeutic approaches, automated bolus calculators for insulin and electronic tools for education and information of patients, have become widespread and play important roles. All these efforts are related to the interaction between patients, caregivers, scientists or researchers and industry. The presentation of different aspects of new technological approaches in the present article should give more information about different technologies. However, because of the rather quickly appearance of new technologies, the presentation can only be a spotlight. Further studies are mandatory to analyze the effects and long‐term benefits of each technology and electronic device.

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Clinical and economic benefits of professional CGM among people with type 2 diabetes in the United States: analysis of claims and lab data

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Personal Versus Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring: When to Use Which on Whom

Personal Versus Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring: When to Use Which on Whom

Impact of professional continuous glucose monitoring by clinical pharmacists in an ambulatory care setting

Technology in Diabetes Treatment: Update and Future

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