Clinical and echocardiographic findings of pulmonary artery stenosis in seven cats

Aetiology and outcome in 90 cats presenting with dyspnoea in a referral population

“…Common neoplastic causes are lymphoma and thymoma (Patnaik and others 2003, Jakubiak and others 2005). Cardiac disease includes acquired disease (particularly the cardiomyopathies such as hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive, unclassified and arrhythmogenic right ventricular primary forms, and secondary cardiomyopathies) and congenital cardiac diseases (Ferasin and others 2003, Chetboul and others 2006, Schrope and Kelch 2007). Dyspnoea in cardiac disease is usually associated with pulmonary oedema or pleural effusion.…”

Echocardiography

“…Additional relevant findings might include a supravalvular tethering or stenosis of the valve leaflets, subvalvular thickening, anomalous single coronary artery (especially in English bulldogs), RV hypertrophy, and changes in the main PA that range from hypoplasia to poststenotic dilatation (Figure 8-48, A and B; . [410][411][412][413] The response of the RV to outflow obstruction is hypertrophy of the chamber (see , G) especially concentric thickening when the obstruction is congenital in origin. Both of these conditions lead to outflow obstruction well below the pulmonic valve.…”

Pulmonic stenosis with atrial septal defect in a Siamese cat

“…Based on these results, the case was diagnosed as pulmonic stenosis with atrial septal defect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing pulmonic stenosis with atrial septal defect in a cat in Korea.Keywords: right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, pulmonic stenosis, pulmonic valve dysplasia, congenital heart defect, cat Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is a congenital heart defect in which the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is obstructed by either/both pulmonic valvular deformities or/and narrowing of RVOT (i.e., hypoplastic RVOT) [7,9]. Although the most PS cases in human and veterinary literatures are isolated defect, the some PS cases are often occurred with other defects such as atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot [7].…”

“…The PS is largely divided into subvalvular, valvular or supravalvular, depending on the location of obstruction [4,7]. Clinical consequences of symptomatic PS include left basal systolic murmur and right side heart failure accompanied with marked tricuspid insufficiency [9]. One recent retrospective study found the prevalence of PS was ~10% (16/162) in feline congenital heart defects [10].…”

“…Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is a congenital heart defect in which the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is obstructed by either/both pulmonic valvular deformities or/and narrowing of RVOT (i.e., hypoplastic RVOT) [7,9]. Although the most PS cases in human and veterinary literatures are isolated defect, the some PS cases are often occurred with other defects such as atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot [7].…”