Clinical and Descriptive Study of Orofacial Clefts in Colombia: 2069 Patients From Operation Smile Foundation

Espinosa, Alejandro Silva; Martínez, Julio César; Molina, Yubahhaline; Gordillo, María Alejandra Bermúdez; Hernández, Daniel Ramos; Rivera, Daniela Zárate; Pacheco-Olmos, Blanka; Ramírez, Nathaly; Arias, Liliana; Zárate, A; Diaz, Q. Diana Marcela; Collins, Andrew; Cepeda, Álvaro Mauricio Herrera; Balcázar, Ignacio Briceño

doi:10.1177/10556656211000551

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…By comparison, in a previous study conducted in Colombia, the estimated rate of unilateral cleft lip was 11.4% (236 out of 2069), while the rate of bilateral cleft lip was 2.08% (43 out of 2069). [14] In a study carried out in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the estimated rate of unilateral cleft lip was 20% (26 out of 130), while the rate of bilateral cleft lip was 5% (7 out of 130). [7] In our study, for cleft palate, incomplete unilateral cleft palate was the most common with a rate of 39 out of 132 (29.5%), followed by complete bilateral 34 out of 132 (25.80%), then complete unilateral 31 out of 132 (23.50%), and finally Incomplete Bilateral 7 out of 132 (5.30%) (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleft lip and palate risk factors among otorhinolaryngology: Head and neck surgery patients in two hospitals

Darjazini Nahas,

Hmadieh,

Audeh

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Cleft lip and/or palate is the most prevalent type of head and neck deformity, accounting for 65% of cases. The occurrence of this condition is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Cleft defects are classified into 2 types: syndromic cleft lip and palate syndrome and non-syndromic cleft lip and palate syndrome. Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is the most common type of cleft defect, and the surgical repair is the primary treatment option for patients. Our study was a retrospective case–control study that included 132 cases of patients with cleft defects and 132 healthy babies without cleft defects serving as controls. Personal information, including the name, age, and origin of the participants, was collected. Additionally, we collected information on all potential risk factors, including medical history, daily habits, consanguinity between parents, and family history. Information was collected in Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences and a Chi-Square test was performed to determine the results and their relationship to cleft lip and palate. Our study identified various risk factors that have a significant association with cleft lip and palate with a P-value <5% in addition to factors that are not considered risk factors. Using relative risk analysis, we were able to rank the top 5 most significant and influential risk factors. The most impactful factor was not taking folic acid during pregnancy. The primary risk factors associated with cleft lip and palate include a family history of the condition, lack of folic acid supplementation, maternal age over 35 years, and high temperatures exceeding 39 °C. Consequently, we recommend that mothers who intend to conceive should take folic acid supplements at a dose of 0.4 to 0.8 mg during the initial trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, we advise careful monitoring of all risk factors, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleft lip and palate risk factors among otorhinolaryngology: Head and neck surgery patients in two hospitals

Darjazini Nahas,

Hmadieh,

Audeh

et al. 2023

Medicine

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“…However, these findings differ from the previous ones reported in 2014 in which Van der Woude was declared to be the most common syndrome associated with CL/P, accounting for ~2% of all CL/P cases [ 35 ], and are in dark contrast with another study in which other syndromes such as the Edwards syndrome (28%) and the brain-lung-thyroid syndrome (17%) were the most common ones [ 1 ]. These disparities could be related to the methodology used to diagnose the syndromes, as well as variances in the base populations and ethnicities [ 36 ]. Overall, there are no accurate data available because the clinical diagnosis of these CL/P-associated syndromes has a large and variable phenotypic spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, there are no accurate data available because the clinical diagnosis of these CL/P-associated syndromes has a large and variable phenotypic spectrum. Clinicians must be trained, and molecular studies are needed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the specific prevalence of each disease in each patient in the Iranian population [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Spatiotemporal Descriptive Analysis of Patients with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A 12‐Year Retrospective Study in Southern Iran

Farshidfar

Ajami

Sahmeddini

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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Objectives. The current study is aimed at evaluating epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in the south of Iran. Methods. Data were extracted from the 1840 medical records of patients who were referred to the Cleft Lip and Palate Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from January 1, 2011, to September 1, 2022. The collected variables included demographic data (gender, birth date and season, place, birth order, and weight), cleft types and the subtypes, parental information (health status, education level, marital status, and age during the pregnancy), and other basic parameters. The chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05 was used to analyze collected data. The geographic information system (GIS) analysis was also used for analyzing the spatial distribution of CL/P patients. Results. Based on our inclusion criteria, 1281 nonsyndromic patients were included in this study. The most common type was cleft lip and palate (CLP) with 48.32%, whereas cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip (CL) accounted for 40.75% and 10.93% of the patients, respectively. There was a progressive increase in the frequency of all types of clefts, and most of them were male ( P ≤ 0.001 ). The urban population outnumbered the rural ones in all provinces. Parents were mostly healthy (>80%) with low educational status (47.5%). Most born CL/P patients were from consanguineous marriages (58.9%), especially between first-degree relatives. A majority of CL/P patients (73.1%) were born in the first two gestations with a birth weight of 2500-4000 g (77.4%). Most infants with CL/P (84.3%) were born from mothers who had at least one of the predisposing factors. Conclusion. In this study, the frequency of cleft types and subtypes was similar to the existing literature. However, high rate of consanguineous marriage, especially between first-degree relatives, was the most notable feature of this population.

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“…Many CL/P international organizations embark on outreach trips primarily for direct cleft repairs or to establish infrastructure for cleft care training (Chahine et al, 2020; Volk et al, 2020; Kantar et al, 2021; Espinosa et al, 2021). The goal of these organizations is to establish a longitudinal capacity building that sustainably benefits the local host sites and patient populations (Yao et al, 2016; Sommer et al, 2020; Espinosa et al, 2021). Utilizing GT data coupled with WHO health indicators can help elucidate the specific needs of LMICs and regions within those countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Cleft Lip and Palate Outreach: A Google Trends Analysis

Weissman

Reddy

Shah

et al. 2021

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Understanding patient awareness of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and evaluating demand for necessary procedures may serve to better target future efforts in global outreach. We utilized internet search query data from Google Trends for the terms: “cleft lip,” “cleft palate,” “cleft lip and palate,” “cleft surgery,” and “cleft repair” from January 2004 to January 2021. Relative search volumes (RSV) recorded for the top 5 highest displaying countries and top 3 available regions within those countries were compared against global outreach by Operation Smile and Smile Train, as measured by the number of patients treated. World Health Organization (WHO) indicators were used to validate the RSV values for each country and better understand the current infrastructure and need for cleft care in those countries. Globally, there was an increase in RSV for the terms “cleft lip,” “cleft palate,” “cleft repair,” and “cleft surgery” between 2004 and 2021. For “cleft lip,” the countries with the highest displaying RSVs included: Ghana (100%), Zimbabwe (97%), Nepal (78%), the Philippines (64%), and Kenya (52%). Countries with high RSVs and moderate to high WHO indicators included Ghana, Kenya, India, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe. Countries with high RSVs and poor WHO indicators included Nepal and Pakistan. Some countries had specific regions with high search demand that are not currently targeted for global outreach. Using Google Trends’ data may help find more feasible locations and targeted care for efforts in global outreach with better patient awareness and turnout where demand for CL/P is increasing.

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Clinical and Descriptive Study of Orofacial Clefts in Colombia: 2069 Patients From Operation Smile Foundation

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

Cleft lip and palate risk factors among otorhinolaryngology: Head and neck surgery patients in two hospitals

Cleft lip and palate risk factors among otorhinolaryngology: Head and neck surgery patients in two hospitals

Epidemiological and Spatiotemporal Descriptive Analysis of Patients with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A 12‐Year Retrospective Study in Southern Iran

Global Cleft Lip and Palate Outreach: A Google Trends Analysis

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