Clinical Advances in Molecular Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Sethi, Seema; Ali, Shadan; Philip, Philip A.; Sarkar, Fazlul H.

doi:10.3390/ijms140714771

Cited by 72 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…6 A better understanding of modifiable contributors to cancer initiation, evolution, and progression is a prerequisite for accurate risk prediction and the development of better strategies for prevention, early detection, treatment, and surveillance. 1–5, 7–10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiologic field effect: reappraisal of the field effect concept in cancer predisposition and progression

et al. 2015

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The term “field effect” (also known as field defect, field cancerization, or field carcinogenesis) has been used to describe a field of cellular and molecular alteration, which predisposes to the development of neoplasms within that territory. We explore an expanded, integrative concept, “etiologic field effect”, which asserts that various etiologic factors (the exposome including dietary, lifestyle, environmental, microbial, hormonal, and genetic factors) and their interactions (the interactome) contribute to a tissue microenvironmental milieu that constitutes a “field of susceptibility” to neoplasia initiation, evolution, and progression. Importantly, etiological fields predate the acquisition of molecular aberrations commonly considered to indicate presence of filed effect. Inspired by molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) research, which examines the influence of etiologic factors on cellular and molecular alterations during disease course, an etiologically-focused approach to field effect can: 1) broaden the horizons of our inquiry into cancer susceptibility and progression at molecular, cellular, and environmental levels, during all stages of tumor evolution; 2) embrace host-environment-tumor interactions (including gene-environment interactions) occurring in the tumor microenvironment; and, 3) help explain intriguing observations, such as shared molecular features between bilateral primary breast carcinomas, and between synchronous colorectal cancers, where similar molecular changes are absent from intervening normal colon. MPE research has identified a number of endogenous and environmental exposures which can influence not only molecular signatures in the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and interactome, but also host immunity and tumor behavior. We anticipate that future technological advances will allow the development of in vivo biosensors capable of detecting and quantifying “etiologic field effect” as abnormal network pathology patterns of cellular and microenvironmental responses to endogenous and exogenous exposures. Through an “etiologic field effect” paradigm, and holistic systems pathology (systems biology) approaches to cancer biology, we can improve personalized prevention and treatment strategies for precision medicine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiologic field effect: reappraisal of the field effect concept in cancer predisposition and progression

et al. 2015

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“…Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most frequent types of cancer worldwide, accounting for approximately 8% of new malignancies every year [3,4]. Among the incidence of cancers worldwide, GC ranks fourth in males and fifth in females, while the mortality rate ranks third in males and fifth in females [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miR-191/425 Cluster in Tumorigenesis and Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

Peng

Wang

et al. 2014

IJMS

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Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most frequent types of cancer worldwide. Therefore, understanding the biology of GC tumorigenesis is important for appropriate diagnosis and patient surveillance. The miR-191/425 cluster has been reported to be overexpressed in various human cancers, but the tumorigenic role and clinical significance of miR-191/425 overexpression in gastric carcinogenesis is currently undefined. In this study, the expression of miR-191 and miR-425 in GC tissue and serum was assessed, and the relationship between miRNA expression and clinicopathological data was analyzed. We found that miR-191 and miR-425 were both significantly increased in human GC tissues relative to adjacent normal controls. In addition, miR-191 levels correlated with GC tumor stage and metastatic state. Furthermore, the level of serum miR-191 was significantly higher in the GC group than in the control group when using serum miR-16 as an endogenous control. Finally, inhibition of miR-191 or miR-425 in the GC cell lines HGC-27 not only reduced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression but also impaired cell migration and invasion. Taken together, our results revealed the oncogenic roles of miR-191 and miR-425 in gastric carcinogenesis, and indicated the potential use of serum miR-191 as a novel and stable biomarker for GC diagnosis.

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“…75,76,77 Nevertheless the quest for the ideal biomarker goes on and clinicians need to be abreast of such relentless developments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%