Climatological, stratigraphic and palaeo-ecological aspects of mire development

Casparie, W. A.; Streefkerk, J.G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-7997-1_3

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…4) may reflect nonclimatic factors at work. These could include autogenic changes in the bog itself, such as catastrophic drainage in response to a very high water table, resulting in gullying and the drying out of the peat mass, as has been recorded at Bourtanger Moor in the Netherlands (Casparie & Streefkerk 1992). During this period, prehistoric people may also have burnt parts of the bog, although the sedge remains in zone B are not charred and the charcoal remains are generally submillimetre in size and therefore capable of having been blown in from surrounding heathlands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene climatic history of northern Germany and Denmark: peat macrofossil investigations at Dosenmoor, Schleswig‐Holstein, and Svanemose, Jutland

Barber¹,

Chambers²,

Maddy³

2004

Boreas

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Plant macrofossil remains have been analysed from two raised peat bogs in northern Germany and Denmark. The quantified vegetation reconstructions of each profile were subjected to multivariate analyses to extract records of changing bog surface wetness (BSW), which are interpreted in these rain‐fed bogs as being proxy climate signals. Age/depth models were constructed using radiocarbon dates and a number of drier and wetter phases were defined. The records both register cooler/wetter conditions around 2700, 1800 and 1400 cal. yr BP, and at the beginning of the Little Ice Age around AD 1250–1350. These rising bog water tables must have been reflected in poorer conditions for agriculture, and in particular near Dosenmoor where the profile records a catastrophic change to such conditions culminating at 2750–2600 cal. yr BP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene climatic history of northern Germany and Denmark: peat macrofossil investigations at Dosenmoor, Schleswig‐Holstein, and Svanemose, Jutland

Barber¹,

Chambers²,

Maddy³

2004

Boreas

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“…The drainage capability of the raised bog could readily adjust to the temporary accumulation and rapid discharge of enormous water masses. The contact zones probably played a key role in this connection (Casparie & Streefkerk, 1992). Only very rarely this system malfunctions, that is if a bog burst can be regarded as such.…”

Section: Ombrogenous Peat Growth and Relevant Physicochemical Factorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…1). The peat stratigraphy of this area is well-known on the basis of extensive paleobotanical research (Van Zeist, 1955;Casparie, 1972;Casparie & Streefkerk, 1992). Follow-up studies of the hydrology have been carried out to obtain insight into the possibilities for the regeneration of raised bog in nature reserves (Streefkerk & Oosterlee, 1984;Streefkerk & Casparie, 1987.…”

Section: Vulnerability Of Raised Bogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bog development in the Bourtanger Moor has been described on the basis of the peat stratigraphy (Casparie & Streefkerk, 1992). The time course of peat growth indicates that raised bogs are robust systems.…”

Section: The Aim Of This Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together these structures ensure (a) a water surplus on the bog surface which feeds the ombrogenous peat formation (acrotelm), (b) a sufficient water supply in the bog which permits the system to survive dry periods without rainfall (catotelm), and (c) the maintenance of oligotrophy. The bog should not dry out or become too wet, requiring a regulated water discharge (Casparie & Streefkerk, 1992).…”

Section: Spatial Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Bourtanger Moor: endurance and vulnerability of a raised bog system

Casparie

1993

Hydrobiologia

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From the study of a raised bog complex in the former Bourtanger Moor in the northeastern Netherlands, which was formed between ca. 4500 BC and 1700 AD, it is clear that raised bogs are both very robust and vulnerable systems, which can develop within fairly broad climatological limits, but that they are also extremely sensitive to the effects of drainage caused by reclamation carried out by man. By means of good management, aimed primarily at restoring the typical ombrogenous hydrological system, in all likelihood it will be possible to develop the growth of raised bog in nature reserves suitable for this purpose, namely peat-bog relicts.

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Using legacy data to reconstruct the past? Rescue, rigour and reuse in peatland geochronology

Quik

Velde

Harkema

et al. 2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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There is a growing interest in the rescue and reuse of data from past studies (so-called legacy data). Data loss is alarming, especially where natural archives are under threat, such as peat deposits. Here we develop a workflow for reuse of legacy radiocarbon dates in peatland studies, including a rigorous quality assessment that can be tailored to specific research questions and study regions. A penalty is assigned to each date based on criteria that consider taphonomic quality (i.e., sample provenance) and dating quality (i.e., sample material and method used). The weights of quality criteria may be adjusted based on the research focus, and resulting confidence levels may be used in further analyses to ensure robustness of conclusions.We apply the proposed approach to a case study of a (former) peat landscape in the Netherlands, aiming to reconstruct the timing of peat initiation spatially. Our search yielded 313 radiocarbon dates from the 1950s to 2019. Based on the quality assessment, the dates-of highly diverse quality-were assigned to four confidence levels.Results indicate that peat initiation for the study area first peaked in the Late Glacial ($14,000 cal years BP), dropped during the Boreal ($9,500 cal years BP) and showed a second peak in the Subboreal ($4,500 cal years BP). We tentatively conclude that the earliest peak was mostly driven by climate (Bølling-Allerød interstadial), whereas the second was probably the result of Holocene sea level rise and related groundwater level rise in combination with climatic conditions (hypsithermal). Our study highlights the potential of legacy data for palaeogeographic reconstructions, as it is cost-efficient and provides access to information no longer available in the field.However, data retrieval may be challenging, and reuse of data requires that basic information on location, elevation, stratigraphy, sample and laboratory analysis are documented irrespective of the original research aims.

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Climatological, stratigraphic and palaeo-ecological aspects of mire development

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Late Holocene climatic history of northern Germany and Denmark: peat macrofossil investigations at Dosenmoor, Schleswig‐Holstein, and Svanemose, Jutland

Late Holocene climatic history of northern Germany and Denmark: peat macrofossil investigations at Dosenmoor, Schleswig‐Holstein, and Svanemose, Jutland

The Bourtanger Moor: endurance and vulnerability of a raised bog system

Using legacy data to reconstruct the past? Rescue, rigour and reuse in peatland geochronology

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