Climatic factors associated with the infection of herds of cattle with bluetongue viruses

Mp, Ward

doi:10.1007/bf00366925

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In Australia, seroconversion of sentinel cattle was correlated with Þeld temperatures 1 mo earlier (Ward 1996). However, seroconversion of sentinel cattle in Alabama was not correlated with mean daily temperatures (Wright et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Bluetongue infection in cattle has been associated with rainfall 1Ð3 mo earlier in Australia (Ward andThurmond 1995, Ward 1996) and total rain days 2 wk earlier in the eastern United States (Wright et al 1993). In southern California, summer rains generally do not occur, and precipitation from June through mid-fall was negligible for each year of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Seasonal Transmission of Bluetongue Virus by <I>Culicoides sonorensis</I> (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a Southern California Dairy and Evaluation of Vectorial Capacity as a Predictor of Bluetongue Virus Transmission

Gerry¹,

Mullens²,

Maclachlan³

et al. 2001

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Vectorial capacity of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones for the transmission of bluetongue (BLU) virus was examined at a southern California dairy from January 1995 to December 1997. Insects were collected one to two times per week in five CDC-type suction traps (without light) baited with CO2 at a constant release rate of 1,000 ml/min. BLU virus was detected in midges collected from May through December with an estimated overall infection rate of 0.08%. The BLU virus infection rate of field-captured midges was not correlated with sentinel calf seroconversions to BLU virus. Sentinel calf seroconversions were highly seasonal, occurring from August through November with most calves seroconverting during September and October. Vector competence of field-collected nulliparous flies fed a locally acquired serotype of BLU virus in the laboratory was stable among years (17-23%). Vectorial capacity was strongly correlated with BLU virus transmission (measured by sentinel calf seroconversions) during 1995 and 1996, but not during 1997. Host biting rate estimated for traps nearest to the sentinel calves was the index best correlated with BLU virus transmission for all study years and was most highly correlated with sentinel seroconversions 4 wk later. The utility of vectorial capacity and its component variables is discussed for this system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal Transmission of Bluetongue Virus by <I>Culicoides sonorensis</I> (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a Southern California Dairy and Evaluation of Vectorial Capacity as a Predictor of Bluetongue Virus Transmission

Gerry¹,

Mullens²,

Maclachlan³

et al. 2001

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“…However, the effect of meteorological conditions on BT transmission rate is complex. In Australia, Ward [70] showed that the incidence rate of cattle herds depends on the total monthly rainfall recorded two months before the seroconversion of cattle as well as temperature recorded one month before seroconversion. Moreover, in addition to the crude abundance of Culicoides , their flying activity is important for disease transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Did Bluetongue Spread the Way It Did? Environmental Factors Influencing the Velocity of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 Epizootic Wave in France

et al. 2012

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Understanding where and how fast an infectious disease will spread during an epidemic is critical for its control. However, the task is a challenging one as numerous factors may interact and drive the spread of a disease, specifically when vector-borne diseases are involved. We advocate the use of simultaneous autoregressive models to identify environmental features that significantly impact the velocity of disease spread. We illustrate this approach by exploring several environmental factors influencing the velocity of bluetongue (BT) spread in France during the 2007–2008 epizootic wave to determine which ones were the most important drivers. We used velocities of BT spread estimated in 4,495 municipalities and tested sixteen covariates defining five thematic groups of related variables: elevation, meteorological-related variables, landscape-related variables, host availability, and vaccination. We found that ecological factors associated with vector abundance and activity (elevation and meteorological-related variables), as well as with host availability, were important drivers of the spread of the disease. Specifically, the disease spread more slowly in areas with high elevation and when heavy rainfall associated with extreme temperature events occurred one or two months prior to the first clinical case. Moreover, the density of dairy cattle was correlated negatively with the velocity of BT spread. These findings add substantially to our understanding of BT spread in a temperate climate. Finally, the approach presented in this paper can be used with other infectious diseases, and provides a powerful tool to identify environmental features driving the velocity of disease spread.

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“…In Australia the distributional limits of C. brevitarsis are related to temperature, while rainfall has a stronger effect on summer abundance (130). Several studies in Queensland have successfully related both temperature and rainfall to rates of infection or seroconversion of cattle to BTV (201,203,204).…”

Section: Abundancementioning

confidence: 97%

Culicoides Biting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

Mellor

Boorman

Baylis

2000

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

897

871

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Culicoides biting midges are among the most abundant of haematophagous insects, and occur throughout most of the inhabited world. Across this broad range they transmit a great number of assorted pathogens of human, and domestic and wild animals, but it is as vectors of arboviruses, and particularly arboviruses of domestic livestock, that they achieve their prime importance. To date, more than 50 such viruses have been isolated from Culicoides spp. and some of these cause diseases of such international significance that they have been allocated Office International des Epizooties (OIE) List A status. Culicoides are world players in the epidemiology of many important arboviral diseases. In this context this paper deals with those aspects of midge biology facilitating disease transmission, describes the factors controlling insect-virus interactions at the individual insect and population level, and illustrates the far-reaching effects that certain components of climate have upon the midges and, hence, transmission potential.

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Climatic factors associated with the infection of herds of cattle with bluetongue viruses

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Seasonal Transmission of Bluetongue Virus by <I>Culicoides sonorensis</I> (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a Southern California Dairy and Evaluation of Vectorial Capacity as a Predictor of Bluetongue Virus Transmission

Seasonal Transmission of Bluetongue Virus by <I>Culicoides sonorensis</I> (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a Southern California Dairy and Evaluation of Vectorial Capacity as a Predictor of Bluetongue Virus Transmission

Why Did Bluetongue Spread the Way It Did? Environmental Factors Influencing the Velocity of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 Epizootic Wave in France

Culicoides Biting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

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