Climatic effect of ENSO associated with landslide occurrence in the Central Andes, Mendoza Province, Argentina

Moreiras, Stella Maris

doi:10.1007/s10346-005-0046-4

Cited by 67 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In Argentina, the Mendoza river valley (Moreiras 2004(Moreiras , 2005(Moreiras , 2009a has been studied extensively, with many deposits which were initially interpreted as glacial in origin reinterpreted as large rock avalanches (Moreiras et al 2008). Quaternary faults have been proposed to trigger many of the rock avalanches (Moreiras 2006(Moreiras , 2009b.…”

Section: Quaternary Tectonics and Geohazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodynamic processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina: an introduction

Sepúlveda

Giambiagi

Moreiras

et al. 2014

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The Andes, the world's largest non-collisional orogen, is considered the paradigm for geodynamic processes associated with the subduction of an oceanic plate below a continental plate margin. In the framework of UNESCO-sponsored IGCP 586-Y project, this Special Publication includes state-of-the-art reviews and original articles from a range of Earth Science disciplines that investigate the complex interactions of tectonics and surface processes in the subductionrelated orogen of the Andes of central . This introduction provides the geological context of the transition from flat slab to normal subduction angles, where this volume is focused, along with a brief description of the individual contributions ranging from internal geodynamics and tectonics, Quaternary tectonics and related geohazards, to landscape evolution of this particular segment of the Andes.Convergent continental margins are one of the firstorder expressions of the movement of Earth's tectonic plates atop a convecting mantle. The topography of convergent margins is due to the interactions of rock uplift, climate and surface processes that are dominantly driven by upper crustal and internal lithospheric deformation as well as erosional processes (e.g. Molnar & Lyon-Caen 1988;Beaumont et al. 2004;Whipple & Meade 2006). The Andes of central Chile and Argentina (c. 32 -368S, Figs 1 & 2) straddle a potentially important transition in geodynamic boundary conditions imposed on the upper plate: a drastic change in the geometry of the subducting Nazca plate from 'flat' to normal subduction angles, from c. 5-108 to 308 (Cahill & Isacks 1992; Fig. 1). This segment of the Andes is therefore a particularly suitable setting to evaluate the interplay between constructive deep mechanisms, resulting in rock uplift and lateral expansion of the Andes, and the mechanisms of exhumation and erosion that shape the landscape in an active, convergent margin.The Central Andes are composed of different morphostructural units (from west to east; Figs 1 & 2): the Chilean Coastal Cordillera, the Principal Cordillera (spanning Chile and Argentina), the Frontal Cordillera, the Argentine Precordillera and the Pampean Ranges (Jordan et al. 1983). Although previous studies attempt to constrain the magnitudes of orogenic shortening for each morphostructural unit, limited amounts of geochronology complicate attempts to constrain more tightly the rates of shortening and topographic uplift. There are several outstanding questions regarding the interplay between deep and surface processes in the development of the Andean Orogen over different timescales, as follows. † What is the nature of the interaction between tectonic and surface processes in this sector of the Andes? In particular, are surface and tectonic processes part of a strongly coupled system? † What control does the geometry of the subducting slab exert over the timing and style of deformation in the South American plate? † How do deformation and denudation evolve in space and time? Are there differences between ...

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Section: Quaternary Tectonics and Geohazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodynamic processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina: an introduction

Sepúlveda

Giambiagi

Moreiras

et al. 2014

Self Cite

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“…However, apart from their role for the overall water budget, understanding extreme rainfall events and their synchronization is important because of the associated natural hazards. For example, extreme rainfall frequently triggers landslides and flash floods, in particular along the eastern slopes of the Andes (Schuster et al 2002;Coppus and Imeson 2002;O'Hare and Rivas 2005;Moreiras 2005;Boers et al 2014a), as well as in urban areas in southeastern South America (Marengo et al 2013a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

et al. 2015

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In this study, the authors compare six different rainfall datasets for South America with a focus on their representation of extreme rainfall during the monsoon season (December-February): the gauge-calibrated TRMM 3B42 V7 satellite product; the near-real-time TRMM 3B42 V7 RT, the GPCP 18 daily (1DD) V1.2 satellite-gauge combination product, the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) product; output of a high-spatial-resolution run of the ECHAM6 global circulation model; and output of the regional climate model Eta. For the latter three, this study can be understood as a model evaluation. In addition to statistical values of local rainfall distributions, the authors focus on the spatial characteristics of extreme rainfall covariability. Since traditional approaches based on principal component analysis are not applicable in the context of extreme events, they apply and further develop methods based on complex network theory. This way, the authors uncover substantial differences in extreme rainfall patterns between the different datasets: (i) The three model-derived datasets yield very different results than the satellite-gauge combinations regarding the main climatological propagation pathways of extreme events as well as the main convergence zones of the monsoon system. (ii) Large discrepancies are found for the development of mesoscale convective systems in southeastern South America. (iii) Both TRMM datasets and ECHAM6 indicate a linkage of extreme rainfall events between the central Amazon basin and the eastern slopes of the central Andes, but this pattern is not reproduced by the remaining datasets. The authors' study suggests that none of the three model-derived datasets adequately captures extreme rainfall patterns in South America.

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“…5, a statistical analysis done for the Central Andes in the province of Mendoza, Argentina, indicates that there was an increased landslide activity during El Niño phase in the Front Andes mountain range; however, this trend has not been observed in the foothills. Moreover, during the cold phase (La Niña), slope movements decreased particularly in the frontal mountain range, reaching similar numbers to the amount of landslides registered on the foothills (Moreiras 2005). This indicates the importance of the weather variation in different parts of America, according to the ONI, as described by Trauth et al (2003)) and its implications on the derivation of rainfall indexes that predict the occurrence of landslides in these zones.…”

Section: Rainfall and Landslidesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Linear discriminant analysis to describe the relationship between rainfall and landslides in Bogotá, Colombia

et al. 2015

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Bogotá is located in the central Andean region of Colombia, which is frequently affected by landslide processes. These processes are mostly triggered during the rainy season in the city. This fact remarks the importance of determining what rainderived parameters (e.g. intensity, antecedent rain, daily rain) are better related with the occurrence of landslides. For this purpose, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a technique derived from multivariate statistics, was used. The application of this type of analysis led to obtain simple mathematical functions that represent the probability of occurrence of landslides in Bogotá. The functions also allow to identify the most relevant variables derived from records of rainfall linked to the generation of landslides. A proof of concept using the proposed methodology was done using historic rainfall data from a 9-km 2 area of homogenous climatology and geomorphology in the south part of Bogotá. Landslides needed to be grouped for the LDA. Each one of these grouping categories represents landslides that occurred in similar geomorphologic conditions. Another set of events with no landslides was generated synthetically. Results of the proof of concept show that rainfall parameters such as normalized rainfall intensity I MAP , normalized daily rainfall R MAP and rainy-days normal RDN have the best statistical correlation with the landslides observed in the zone of analysis.

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Climatic effect of ENSO associated with landslide occurrence in the Central Andes, Mendoza Province, Argentina

Abstract: Temporal distribution of landslides can be verified by means of climatic anomalies linked to the ENSO phenomenon.

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

Geodynamic processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina: an introduction

Geodynamic processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina: an introduction

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

Linear discriminant analysis to describe the relationship between rainfall and landslides in Bogotá, Colombia

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