Climatic and limnological changes at Lake Karakul (Tajikistan) during the last ~29 cal ka

Heinecke, Liv; Mischke, Steffen; Adler, Karsten; Barth, Anja; Biskaborn, Boris K.; Plessen, Birgit; Nitze, Ingmar; Kühn, Gerhard; Rajabov, Ilhomjon; Herzschuh, Ulrike

doi:10.1007/s10933-017-9980-0

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Based on OSL dating of paleoshorelines, Komatsu and Tsukamoto () identified several lake transgressions, the last starting before 19 kyr BP and forming a shoreline 35 m higher than present around 15 kyr BP (Figure k). In addition, Heinecke, Mischke, et al () interpreted higher values on the second axis of a principal component analysis of geochemical parameters, described by high TIC content and Fe/Mn ratios, to reflect glacial and late glacial lake‐level highstands (Figure l). In our sedimentary record, we further interpret an increasing Sr/Ca ratio after 14 kyr BP as indicator for increasing salinity in a shrinking lake (Dissard et al, ; Yan & Wünnemann, ; Figure m).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(k) Reconstruction of 15 kyr BP lake level highstand (Komatsu & Tsukamoto, ). (l) PCA axis 2, indicating lake level (Heinecke, Mischke, et al, ) based on inorganic proxies measured at core KK12‐1, adjusted to the new composite age‐model for both parallel cores KK12‐1 and ‐2, as published in Mischke et al () . (m, n) Inferred salinity changes based on Sr/Ca ratios and alkenone abundances.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(m, n) Inferred salinity changes based on Sr/Ca ratios and alkenone abundances. (o) δ 18 O of aragonite (yellow curve; Heinecke, Epp, et al, ; Heinecke, Mischke, et al, ). High‐resolution glacial δ 18 O values of aragonite (red curve; this study).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a lacustrine archive with a robust chronology spanning a glacial‐interglacial cycle was obtained from Lake Karakul (Mischke et al, ). Inorganic geochemical data, sedimentological, and paleoecological proxies from this record showed large‐scale shifts, possibly driven by insolation, over the past 28 kyr (Heinecke, Epp, et al, ; Heinecke, Mischke, et al, ; Heinecke et al, ). Some of those proxies were interpreted with respect to past lake level changes, but hydrological inferences were tentative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Δ terr‐aq was calculated as 1,000 × [(δD‐terr + 1,000)/(δD‐aq + 1,000) − 1] using the arithmetic mean between δD‐C 23 and δD‐C 25 as δD‐aq and between δD‐C 29 and δD‐C 31 as δD‐terr. Elemental data were derived from XRF‐scanning and inorganic isotopic values obtained by methods described in Heinecke, Epp, et al (), Heinecke, Mischke, et al() and—if measured at core KK12‐1—were transferred to the new composite age‐model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydroclimate in the Pamirs Was Driven by Changes in Precipitation‐Evaporation Seasonality Since the Last Glacial Period

Aichner

Makhmudov²,

Rajabov³

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Central Asian Pamir Mountains (Pamirs) are a high-altitude region sensitive to climatic change, with only few paleoclimatic records available. To examine the glacial-interglacial hydrological changes in the region, we analyzed the geochemical parameters of a 31-kyr record from Lake Karakul and performed a set of experiments with climate models to interpret the results. δD values of terrestrial biomarkers showed insolation-driven trends reflecting major shifts of water vapor sources. For aquatic biomarkers, positive δD shifts driven by changes in precipitation seasonality were observed at ca. 31-30, 28-26, and 17-14 kyr BP. Multiproxy paleoecological data and modelling results suggest that increased water availability, induced by decreased summer evaporation, triggered higher lake levels during those episodes, possibly synchronous to northern hemispheric rapid climate events. We conclude that seasonal changes in precipitation-evaporation balance significantly influenced the hydrological state of a large waterbody such as Lake Karakul, while annual precipitation amount and inflows remained fairly constant.Plain Language Summary Lakes in arid Central Asia are particularly susceptible to the rise and fall of lake levels as a consequence of climatic changes. To evaluate drivers behind this phenomenon, we developed a record of humidity and lake levels throughout the last 31,000 years from a high-altitude lake in the Pamir Mountains. Herefore, we combined hydrological and ecological reconstructions with climate model experiments. Results show that neither the enhanced inflow by melting glaciers nor the significantly increased precipitation amount was responsible for higher lake levels during the studied interval. Instead, reduced summer evaporation during cold episodes was the major trigger for lake transgressions. These fluctuations were driven by changes in radiative forcing (i.e., insolation and hence temperature change) as a consequence of changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun. As such, our results suggest that a significant impact on lake levels in arid regions is also to be expected by the current anthropogenically driven global warming.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydroclimate in the Pamirs Was Driven by Changes in Precipitation‐Evaporation Seasonality Since the Last Glacial Period

Aichner

Makhmudov²,

Rajabov³

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Depositional history of a talus cone in an arid intermontane basin in Central Asia: An interdisciplinary study at the Late Pleistocene–Late Holocene Obishir‐I site, Kyrgyzstan

et al. 2021

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Cliff‐related talus accumulations are often highly affected by post‐depositional processes, and the sedimentological characteristics are poorly documented, especially in arid settings. In the southern margin of the Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan, the Obishir‐I is an archaeological site of the Epipaleolithic Obishirian industry, located within a talus cone. Archaeological excavations have allowed us to study the internal structure, chronology, and depositional history of the cone as well as the relationship between the slope processes and the archaeological assemblage. We applied a multiproxy approach, including sedimentological studies supported by the basic geochemistry of sediments, luminescence dating, paleoecology of fossil mollusks, and archaeological analyses. The Obishir‐I rockfall talus accumulated from the Last Glacial Maximum to the early part of the Middle Holocene. The talus onlaps the bedrock at the foot of a limestone cliff, and its chronology is coherent, spanning from ca. 19–8 ka B.P. The material is an unconsolidated, poorly sorted mixture of angular rock fragments accumulated by rockfall and fine‐grained materials accumulated by aeolian processes, illuviation, and in situ weathering. The sequence bears an archaeological collection attributed to two settlement phases: unidentified Upper Paleolithic and the Obishirian. Both assemblages are affected by post‐depositional relocation within the slope.

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Lake Sediments and Climate Studies

Mishra

2023

The Application of Lake Sediments for Climate Studies

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Climatic and limnological changes at Lake Karakul (Tajikistan) during the last ~29 cal ka

Cited by 43 publications

References 64 publications

Hydroclimate in the Pamirs Was Driven by Changes in Precipitation‐Evaporation Seasonality Since the Last Glacial Period

Hydroclimate in the Pamirs Was Driven by Changes in Precipitation‐Evaporation Seasonality Since the Last Glacial Period

Depositional history of a talus cone in an arid intermontane basin in Central Asia: An interdisciplinary study at the Late Pleistocene–Late Holocene Obishir‐I site, Kyrgyzstan

Lake Sediments and Climate Studies

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