Climate warming disrupts mast seeding and its fitness benefits in European beech

Bogdziewicz, Michał; Kelly, Dave; Thomas, Peter A.; Lageard, Jonathan G. A.; Hacket‐Pain, Andrew

doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0592-8

Cited by 100 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…High air temperature in the year predicting the "seeding year" is recognized by trees as a signal to abundant flowering and high seed production next season (Koenig et al 2016). However the improving performance of trees during the increase of mean air temperature is only an apparent phenomenon, because increased seed production is accompanied by a decrease in the synchrony of reproduction (Bogdziewicz et al 2020). It is a result of the need for several years of energy regeneration necessary to produce such a large number of reproductive organs and fruits (Monks et al 2016).…”

Section: Summary: Global Warming Vs the Quality Of The Seeding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indirect effect of global warming on seeds is connected with their long-term storage. Desynchronization of massive seed yields for trees exhibiting cyclic yields results in a lower number of seeds with a living embryo (Bogdziewicz et al 2020). Under the circumstances, it becomes indispensable to secure the seeding material by storing it after harvesting for the purpose of forest regeneration in the future.…”

Section: Summary: Global Warming Vs the Quality Of The Seeding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate change, which affects the reproduction of trees, may have long-term consequences by reducing species dispersal and by the acquisition of new habitats (Dyderski et al 2018;Wang et al 2019;Bogdziewicz et al 2020). Therefore, there is an indisputable need to store forest reproduction material to guarantee the continuity of regeneration of species in farm forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, heavy-seed species need a couple of years to recover the energy, indispensable for producing flowers and fruit in high numbers again, and this results in desynchronized seed yields (Monks et al 2016). Observations conduced in the recent decades revealed a relationship between the increase in average temperatures and higher frequency of seeding years in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) (Bogdziewicz et al 2020), temperate oaks (sessile oak-Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change affects seed aging? Initiation mechanism and consequences of loss of forest tree seed viability

Kijowska‐Oberc

Leśniewska

Ratajczak

2021

Trees

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Key message Environmental stress resulting from rapid climate changes leads to the initiation of the seed aging process in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Seed storage methods limiting germinability loss are fundamental for forest future. Abstract Seed aging is a natural process. It decreases the seed germination rate, i.e. the process is essential for the plant’s life cycle. Aging involves a progressive accumulation of oxidative damage over time. One of the main plant responses to stress is an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as O 2 −• , H2O2 and •OH. If the concentration of ROS is too high, it causes damage of the structure of lipid membranes, proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA. Climate changes affect tree reproduction and may have long-term consequences in the form of reduced species dispersal and acquisition of new habitats. High temperatures accelerate the aging of seeds and decrease their viability. There is, therefore, an indisputable need to store forest reproductive material to maintain continuity of regeneration in farm forests. The quality of seeds subjected to long-term storage correlates negatively with ROS concentration, as ROS accumulation typically occurs in tissues experiencing oxidative stress. Therefore, to preserve forest genetic resources, it is particularly important to know the causes and sites of initiation of the aging process in seed cells, as well as to prevent the germination rate decrease by developing appropriate storage methods. The main organelles responsible for intracellular ROS production are mitochondria and peroxisomes. This article aims at verifying the causes of seed aging and determining its consequences for future forest regeneration due to climate changes. We review the literature on oxidative stress, as well as the sites where the tree seed aging process originates, such as mitochondria and peroxisomes.

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Section: Summary: Global Warming Vs the Quality Of The Seeding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary: Global Warming Vs the Quality Of The Seeding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Climate change affects seed aging? Initiation mechanism and consequences of loss of forest tree seed viability

Kijowska‐Oberc

Leśniewska

Ratajczak

2021

Trees

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“…functional response), whereas predators should be starved in low‐seed years and have lower density and thus lower rates of predation (i.e. numerical response) (Fletcher et al ., 2010; Bogdziewicz et al ., 2020b). Predator satiation and starvation will be most effective if plants seed in phase with other individuals within populations, that is, high reproductive synchrony (Bogdziewicz et al ., 2018b, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed predation selects for reproductive variability and synchrony in perennial plants

et al. 2020

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Annually variable and synchronous seed production by plant populations, or masting, is a widespread reproductive strategy in long-lived plants. Masting is thought to be selectively beneficial because interannual variability and synchrony increase the fitness of plants through economies of scale that decrease the cost of reproduction per surviving offspring. Predator satiation is believed to be a key economy of scale, but whether it can drive phenotypic evolution for masting in plants has been rarely explored. We used data from seven plant species (Quercus humilis, Quercus ilex, Quercus rubra, Quercus alba, Quercus montana, Sorbus aucuparia and Pinus pinea) to determine whether predispersal seed predation selects for plant phenotypes that mast. Predation selected for interannual variability in Mediterranean oaks (Q. humilis and Q. ilex), for synchrony in Q. rubra, and for both interannual variability and reproductive synchrony in S. aucuparia and P. pinea. Predation never selected for negative temporal autocorrelation of seed production. Predation by invertebrates appears to select for only some aspects of masting, most importantly high coefficient of variation, supporting individual-level benefits of the population-level phenomenon of mast seeding. Determining the selective benefits of masting is complex because of interactions with other seed predators, which may impose contradictory selective pressures.

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The selective advantage of mast flowering in Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum: Implications of the predator satiation hypothesis

Itô

Kudo

2022

American J of Botany

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Premise Synchronous, highly variable flower or seed production among years within a population (i.e., masting) has been reported in numerous perennial plants. Although masting provides ecological advantages such as enhancing pollination efficiency and/or escape from predator attack, little is known about the degree of these advantages and variations in masting behavior among populations of conspecific plants. Methods We determined flowering ramet density and reproductive success (fruit‐set success and herbivorous damage) of a perennial herb, Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum, across six lowland and six alpine populations in northern Japan during 2–3 years. We then analyzed the relationship between floral density and reproductive success to assess the ecological significance of mast flowering. Flowering intervals of individual plants were estimated by counting annual scars on rhizomes. Results Most populations had mast flowering, but the intervals between flowering for individual plants were shorter in the alpine populations than in the lowland populations. Floral damage by stem borers (dipteran larvae) and seed predation by lepidopteran larvae were intense in the lowland populations. Seed production of individual ramets increased with higher floral density owing to the effective avoidance of floral‐stem damage and seed predation. Although stem borers were absent in the alpine habitat, seed predation decreased with higher floral density also in the alpine populations. Pollination success was independent of floral density in both of the alpine and lowland populations. Conclusions These results strongly support the predator satiation hypothesis for mast flowering by this species.

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Climate warming disrupts mast seeding and its fitness benefits in European beech

Cited by 100 publications

References 68 publications

Climate change affects seed aging? Initiation mechanism and consequences of loss of forest tree seed viability

Climate change affects seed aging? Initiation mechanism and consequences of loss of forest tree seed viability

Seed predation selects for reproductive variability and synchrony in perennial plants

The selective advantage of mast flowering in Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum: Implications of the predator satiation hypothesis

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