Climate responses of ring widths and radial growth phenology of Betula ermanii, Fagus crenata and Quercus crispula in a cool temperate forest in central Japan

Shen, Yunze; Fukatsu, Eitaro; Muraoka, Hiroyuki; Saitoh, Taku M.; Hirano, Yoshiyuki; Yasue, Koh

doi:10.1007/s00468-019-01948-w

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In KRRF, this response is consistent with that of individualbased annual tree growth (Matsushita et al manuscript in preparation), which often shows considerable inter-annual variations (Ohtsuka et al 2009) in response to climatic factors (Nabeshima et al 2010). The negative effect of warmer previous autumn on annual tree growth of deciduous broadleaved species is also found in KRRF (Matsushita et al manuscript in preparation) and in a cool-temperate forest in central Japan (Shen et al 2020). Also, over the Northern Hemisphere, autumn warming causes a larger increment in respiration than in photosynthesis and leads to net carbon loss (Piao et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Aboveground biomass increments over 26 years (1993–2019) in an old-growth cool-temperate forest in northern Japan

et al. 2022

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Assessing long-term changes in the biomass of old-growth forests with consideration of climate effects is essential for understanding forest ecosystem functions under a changing climate. Long-term biomass changes are the result of accumulated short-term changes, which can be affected by endogenous processes such as gap filling in small-scale canopy openings. Here, we used 26 years (1993–2019) of repeated tree census data in an old-growth, cool-temperate, mixed deciduous forest that contains three topographic units (riparian, denuded slope, and terrace) in northern Japan to document decadal changes in aboveground biomass (AGB) and their processes in relation to endogenous processes and climatic factors. AGB increased steadily over the 26 years in all topographic units, but different tree species contributed to the increase among the topographic units. AGB gain within each topographic unit exceeded AGB loss via tree mortality in most of the measurement periods despite substantial temporal variation in AGB loss. At the local scale, variations in AGB gain were partially explained by compensating growth of trees around canopy gaps. Climate affected the local-scale AGB gain: the gain was larger in the measurement periods with higher mean air temperature during the current summer but smaller in those with higher mean air temperature during the previous autumn, synchronously in all topographic units. The influences of decadal summer and autumn warming on AGB growth appeared to be counteracting, suggesting that the observed steady AGB increase in KRRF is not fully explained by the warming. Future studies should consider global and regional environmental factors such as elevated CO2 concentrations and nitrogen deposition, and include cool-temperate forests with a broader temperature range to improve our understanding on biomass accumulation in this type of forests under climate change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Aboveground biomass increments over 26 years (1993–2019) in an old-growth cool-temperate forest in northern Japan

et al. 2022

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“…2). Whereas responses to chronic exogenous environmental changes are the reason LSMs exist and are therefore to some extent accounted for by all current LSMs, size-dependent growth and size differentiation within a stand are, at present, only accounted for in a few LSMs, for example, CLM (ED) (Fisher et al, 2015), ORCHIDEE (Naudts et al, 2015), and LPJ-GUESS (Smith, 2001). The ORCHIDEE model (revision 5698) meets the aforementioned minimum requirements and, therefore, will be used in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) records as century-long benchmarks for global land-surface models

Jeong¹,

Barichivich

Peylin

et al. 2021

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. The search for a long-term benchmark for land-surface models (LSMs) has brought tree-ring data to the attention of the land-surface modelling community, as tree-ring data have recorded growth well before human-induced environmental changes became important. We propose and evaluate an improved conceptual framework of when and how tree-ring data may, despite their sampling biases, be used as century-long hindcasting targets for evaluating LSMs. Four complementary benchmarks – size-related diameter growth, diameter increment of mature trees, diameter increment of young trees, and the response of tree growth to extreme events – were simulated using the ORCHIDEE version r5698 LSM and were verified against observations from 11 sites in the independent, unbiased European biomass network datasets. The potential for big-tree selection bias in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) was investigated by subsampling the 11 sites from European biomass network. We find that in about 95 % of the test cases, using ITRDB data would result in the same conclusions as using the European biomass network when the LSM is benchmarked against the annual radial growth during extreme climate years. The ITRDB data can be used with 70 % confidence when benchmarked against the annual radial growth of mature trees or the size-related trend in annual radial growth. Care should be taken when using the ITRDB data to benchmark the annual radial growth of young trees, as only 50 % of the test cases were consistent with the results from the European biomass network. The proposed maximum tree diameter and annual growth increment benchmarks may enable the use of ITRDB data for large-scale validation of the LSM-simulated response of forest ecosystems to the transition from pre-industrial to present-day environmental conditions over the past century. The results also suggest ways in which tree-ring width observations may be collected and/or reprocessed to provide long-term validation tests for land-surface models.

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“…In the present study, N fertilization was conducted in early August to gain an adequate amount of data in both periods, before and after N fertilization, within one growing season to focus on the short-term response of Q. crispula. Q. crispula has a growth potential for biomass in August and September when N fertilization finishes [28]. Thus, this timing is reasonable in evaluating the short-term response.…”

Section: N Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Negligible Response of Transpiration to Late-Summer Nitrogen Fertilization in Japanese Oak (Quercus crispula)

et al. 2022

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Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, caused by anthropogenic activities, has various effects on forest ecosystems. Some reports have investigated the responses in tree transpiration to N addition, but few studies have measured the short-term response of mature tree transpiration to N fertilization. This study aimed to clarify the short-term transpiration response in 27-year-old deciduous hardwood trees to an increase in N availability. We established two plot types (control and N-fertilized plots) in Quercus crispula plantation stands in Hokkaido, Northern Japan. We measured sap flow density (SFD; cm3 m−2 s−1) using a thermal dissipation method for three months during the growing season. In the N-fertilized plot, we added 50 kg N ha−1 yr−1 of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) to the forest floor in the middle of the measurement periods. For daily mean SFD, we did not find a significant difference between the control and the N-fertilized plots. Leaf N contents did not differ between treatments, implying a negligible difference in physiological responses and transpiration rates. The slight difference between treatments could be because the trees had already foliated before applying the N fertilizer to our deciduous hardwood trees. The present results indicate that the potential increase in N deposition during the growing season does not immediately alter tree transpiration.

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Climate responses of ring widths and radial growth phenology of Betula ermanii, Fagus crenata and Quercus crispula in a cool temperate forest in central Japan

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Aboveground biomass increments over 26 years (1993–2019) in an old-growth cool-temperate forest in northern Japan

Aboveground biomass increments over 26 years (1993–2019) in an old-growth cool-temperate forest in northern Japan

Using the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) records as century-long benchmarks for global land-surface models

Negligible Response of Transpiration to Late-Summer Nitrogen Fertilization in Japanese Oak (Quercus crispula)

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