Climate Performance, Environmental Toxins and Nutrient Density of the Underutilized Norwegian Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)

Langdal, Andreas; Eilertsen, Karl‐Erik; Kjellevold, Marian; Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie; Jensen, Ida‐Johanne; Elvevoll, Edel O.

doi:10.3390/foods12010114

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The analyses of organochlorine compounds in food items (Table 1; i.e., ptarmigan, reindeer, moose, fish, berries, and mushrooms) collected in Finland were performed in the Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (see details in [10]. In Norway, the analyses of the organochlorine groups (PCBs, HCB, PeCB, dioxins, and furans (PCDD/Fs)) in fish and reindeer were performed by NILU with the analytical method described in Langdal et al [11]. The list of the organochlorines analyzed is given in Appendix B.…”

Section: Popsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Contaminant Levels from Local Harvested Food Items in the Norwegian–Finnish–Russian Border Region

Nalbandyan-Schwarz,

Bondo Pedersen,

Evenset

et al. 2024

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This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary study with the aim of assessing the potential combined risk from consuming locally harvested food products in the Euro-Arctic region of Norway, Finland, and Russia. The three important contaminant groups—radioactive substances, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs)—were measured in food samples such as berries, mushrooms, fish, birds, reindeer, and moose; they were sampled in 2013–2015. To assess the combined pollution levels and investigate the trends, similarities, and variations between different contaminant groups, subsequent multivariate statistical analysis was performed. The results showed that, in general, the levels of radioactive substances, toxic elements, and POPs were below the permitted EU maximum content in food products. However, statistical analysis revealed some correlations, similarities, and peculiarities between the accumulation of different contaminants in various species, which allowed for a better understanding of the mechanisms of accumulation and interaction between different contaminant groups. It also gave a better insight into the possible added risks and helped pinpoint species that could serve as reference markers for the accumulation of different contaminants in food. Mushrooms, fish, and reindeer were found to be important markers in the combined risk assessments for the contents of metals and radioactive substances. Further research, as well as the development of methodologies for combined assessments, are recommended.

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Section: Popsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Contaminant Levels from Local Harvested Food Items in the Norwegian–Finnish–Russian Border Region

Nalbandyan-Schwarz,

Bondo Pedersen,

Evenset

et al. 2024

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“…In North America and in Canada, C. frondosa has been harvested for decades [14]. The potential for commercial harvest in Norway was surveyed in 2018 [15,16]. However, no commercial harvest is ongoing yet [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inorganic arsenic is present on the ocean bed and has negative effects on human health [18]. The content of inorganic arsenic in C. frondosa has been reported to vary with some individuals containing high levels [16,19] or levels exceeding regulatory limits of consumption [20]. Thus, the inorganic arsenic concentration should be monitored [16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of inorganic arsenic in C. frondosa has been reported to vary with some individuals containing high levels [16,19] or levels exceeding regulatory limits of consumption [20]. Thus, the inorganic arsenic concentration should be monitored [16,18]. One way to exploit C. frondosa is to extract and utilize bioactive components, through the help of enzymatic hydrolysis [11,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)—Effect of Different Enzymes on Protein Yield and Bioactivity

Vu,

Falch,

Elvevoll

et al. 2023

Foods

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While sea cucumber is a food delicacy in Asia, these food resources are less exploited in Europe. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and potential food applications of the less exploited orange-footed sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa). In particular, the antioxidative capacity and free amino acids associated with the umami flavor released by enzymatic hydrolyses by either Bromelain + Papain (0.36%, 1:1) or Alcalase (0.36%) were studied. Fresh C. frondosa contained approximately 86% water, and low levels of ash (<1%) and lipids (<0.5%). The protein content was 5%, with a high proportion of essential amino acids (43%) and thus comparable to the FAO reference protein. The high concentration of free amino acids associated with umami, sour, sweet, and bitter may contribute to flavor enhancement. Hydrolysis by Bromelain + Papain resulted in the highest protein yield, and the greatest concentration of free amino acids associated with umami and sour taste. All samples showed promising antioxidant capacity measured by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH and ORAC compared to previous reports. The inorganic arsenic concentration of fresh C. frondosa ranged from 2 to 8 mg/kg wet weight and was not affected by processing. This is comparable to other seafood and may exceed regulatory limits of consumption.

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New marine low trophic resources as food: nutritional and food safety aspects

Elvevoll,

Eilertsen,

Aschan

et al. 2023

Front. Aquac.

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Food agencies recommend increasing the consumption of aquatic food to promote healthy living and sustainability, and, particularly, to prevent Western lifestyle-related diseases and secure sustainable food systems. This requires growth in global seafood production, and the utilization of low trophic species (LTS) is suggested. LTS are already considered nutritious and important in Asian and Pacific diets. As the use of LTS is expanding in Western diets, producers and consumers need information on the food safety practices associated with them and their nutritional content. LTS are mainly immobile or slow-moving extractive species or organisms that feed on such, and their nutrient and contaminant content varies by species and location. Species-specific knowledge on nutritional contents and safe consumption limits is often missing, making the monitoring and analysis of contaminants, nutrients, and consumption data crucial to guiding the utilization and consumption of LTS. Using global and regional standards regarding nutrients, food hazards, and labeling, this review highlights the appropriate guidelines and regulations for guiding the utilization of selected novel species and also identifies knowledge gaps.

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Climate Performance, Environmental Toxins and Nutrient Density of the Underutilized Norwegian Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Combined Contaminant Levels from Local Harvested Food Items in the Norwegian–Finnish–Russian Border Region

Combined Contaminant Levels from Local Harvested Food Items in the Norwegian–Finnish–Russian Border Region

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)—Effect of Different Enzymes on Protein Yield and Bioactivity

New marine low trophic resources as food: nutritional and food safety aspects

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