Climate Justice Planning in Global South: Applying a Coupled Nature–Human Flood Risk Assessment Framework in a Case for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Abstract

Developing countries in the global south that contribute less to climate change have suffered greater from its impacts, such as extreme climatic events and disasters compared to developed countries, causing climate justice concerns globally. Ho Chi Minh City has experienced increased intensity and frequency of climate change-induced urban floods, causing socio-economic damage that disturbs their livelihoods while urban populations continue to grow. This study aims to establish a citywide flood risk map to inform risk management in the city and address climate justice locally. This study applied a flood risk assessment framework integrating a coupled nature–human approach and examined the spatial distribution of urban flood hazard and urban flood vulnerability. A flood hazard map was generated using selected morphological and hydro-meteorological indicators. A flood vulnerability map was generated based on a literature review and a social survey weighed by experts’ priorities using the Fuzzy Delphi Method and Analytic Network Process. Vulnerability indicators including demographic characteristics, infrastructure, and land use patterns were used to generate a flood vulnerability map. The results illustrate that almost the entire central and northeastern parts of the city are at high flood risk, whereas the western part is at low flood risk. The findings have implications in urban planning via identifying risk hot spots in order to prioritize resources for mitigating hazards and enhancing community resilience to urban floods.

Spatial and temporal evolution of urban resilience in China and analysis of barriers: Based on a sustainable development perspective

“…Schlör Holger et al (2017) constructed the Food, Energy, and Water (FEW) systems to compare the resilience of global and local cities [ 36 ]. Wu ChenFa et al (2021) assessed regional flood resilience by constructing vulnerability indicators that include population characteristics, infrastructure, and land use patterns [ 37 ].…”

Knowledge Domain and Development Trend of Urban Flood Vulnerability Research: A Bibliometric Analysis

“…Furthermore, the cooperation network of countries shows that the practical applications were mainly initially conducted in developed countries in North America and Europe in the earlier stage. However, the result of term analysis indicates that developing countries have received enduring attention recently, including Brazil [122], Ghana [123], Nigeria [124], Indonesia [125], Malaysia [126], Vietnam [127], etc. It is believed that developing countries are more vulnerable to flood events due to the rapidly increasing population, disorderly urban planning and inadequate infrastructure [42,128,129].…”

Combining catastrophe technique and regression analysis to deduce leading landscape patterns for regional flood vulnerability: A case study of Nanjing, China

“…The Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are most commonly used in existing MCDA research (Ouma and Tateishi, 2014;Liang et al, 2020;Koc et al, 2021;Rehman et al, 2021;Sadeghi et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2021). However, the different subjective opinions of experts lead to evaluation results that also are often subjective (Singh et al, 2018).…”