Climate Influence on Deep Sea Populations

Puig, Pere; Sardà, Francisco; Palanqués, Albert; Latasa, Mikel; Scharek, Renate

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001431

Cited by 189 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…However they should benefit from falling organic matter during winter cascading events or severe coastal storms (Heussner et al 2006;Sanchez-Vidal et al 2012). Temperature drop and increase in current velocity are additional stress factors associated with dense shelf water cascading that might affect CWC coral growth (Company et al 2008). Effects of local oceanographic conditions are supported by the wide range of growth rates measured in situ for both species (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A new approach for assessing cold-water coral growthin situusing fluorescent calcein staining

Lartaud

Pareige

Rafélis

et al. 2012

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Research on the biology and ecology of cold-water corals (CWCs) is still in its infancy. The growth patterns of CWCs in their natural environments are poorly known. Growth rate investigations on these deep-sea reef builder species are needed to predict recovery times following damage to their ecosystems. This study investigates a new approach for analysing CWC growth rate, suitable for in situ application. Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinian) were collected from the Lacaze-Duthiers canyon in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (520 m depth), marked and then either redeployed in situ for 6 months, or maintained in aquaria for growth rate comparison at a constant temperature of 13• C, corresponding to their habitat conditions. Two different types of staining (calcein and manganese) and three different exposure times (30, 60 and 240 min) were tested. The results show that calcein offers rapid incorporation and easy detection, making it particularly suitable for skeletal growth rate investigations compared with other chemical staining. In situ linear polyp growth rates of 7.5 ± 1.2 mm y −1 and 3.5 ± 2.1 mm y −1 were measured in new polyps of L. pertusa and M. oculata, respectively. Those values were significantly higher in young polyps than in older ones, where they decreased to 1.3 ± 1.5 mm y −1 and 1.2 ± 1.2 mm y −1 . Beyond the study of coral reef growth processes, this approach offers a methodological basis for habitat quality assessment which could be used in the management of deep-sea marine protected areas (MPA).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A new approach for assessing cold-water coral growthin situusing fluorescent calcein staining

Lartaud

Pareige

Rafélis

et al. 2012

Aquat. Living Resour.

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“…Once the terrestrial POM is deposited on the prodelta, physical processes such as downwelling induced by eastern storms and dense shelf water cascading induced by cold winds are capable of transferring matter to the shelf and up to the deep sea (Palanques et al, 2006;Sanchez-Vidal et al, 2009. According to the quality of this resuspended prodelta POM, the export of terrestrial POM may sustain the biological activity up to marine sub-canyons and deep basins (Company et al, 2008;Fontanier et al;. Therefore, it is essential to accurately assess the origin and nature of the organic matter discharged by the Rhône River and also by coastal Mediterranean rivers to understand the marine carbon and nitrogen cycling on the continental margin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical characterization of the riverine particulate organic matter transferred to the NW Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2014

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Abstract.A large amount of terrestrial organic matter is annually delivered by rivers to the continental shelf, where this material is either degraded, buried or transferred to the deep sea by hydrodynamic processes such as storms. The relative amount of terrestrial organic matter in the marine sediments is often determined by analysing the stable isotopes (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) and the C / N ratio of organic matter because the various particulate organic matter (POM) sources have distinct isotopic compositions. With the objective to refine and better interpret POM sources in the marine environment, we have characterized monthly terrestrial POM delivered by eight rivers discharging to the NW Mediterranean Sea: the Rhône, Hérault, Orb, Aude, Têt, Fluvià, Ter and Tordera rivers. These rivers were simultaneously sampled from November 2008 to December 2009 and the concentrations of total suspended matter (TSM), particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN), as well as their stable isotopic ratios (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) were determined.During the survey, three rainstorm events with winds coming from the E-NE and the S-SE impacted the NW Mediterranean. Depending on the direction of incoming winds, the fluvial response (amount of water discharge and TSM) was different. Rivers draining the Alps (Rhône River) and Central Massif (Hérault, Orb, and Aude rivers) were mostly impacted by rainstorms associated with winds coming from the S-SE, while rivers draining the Pyrenees (Têt, Fluvià, and Ter rivers) and the Montseny Massif (Tordera River) were impacted by rainstorms associated with winds coming from the E-NE. In addition, the spatial evolution of water discharges shows a different hydrological regime of the Rhône River, with relatively constant and high water stages and TSM concentrations when compared to coastal rivers, characterized by long periods of low water stages. TSM concentrations are positively correlated to water discharges (high water flows resuspended riverbed sediments) but show an inverse relationship with POC and PN relative contents (mostly due to dilution and by low availability of light in river waters during flood events). TSM in most of the coastal rivers have on average 2.5-3 times higher POC and PN mean contents than the Rhône River (8.5 and 1.5 %, respectively, for coastal rivers compared to 3.6 and 0.5 %, respectively, for the Rhône River). This discrepancy may be caused by the long drought periods in small coastal Mediterranean watersheds that enhance the eutrophication in studied coastal rivers. The δ 13 C ratios of organic matter also reflect this discrepancy between high and low water stages with values ranging from −33.2 to −24.5 ‰. The enriched 13 C values (−26.3 ± 0.4 ‰ for the Rhône River and −26.9 ± 1.2 ‰ for coastal rivers), measured during high water stages, express mostly a mixture of terrestrial source (plant remains and soils) whereas

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“…Fully developed fisheries would fluctuate largely driven by climate and additional fishing effects. Fishing effort would fluctuate accordingly, similarly to what in practice happens when abundance cycles modulate fleet activity and production in annual, inter-annual and inter-decadal scales following well-known environmental events in upwelling and cascading regions (Chavez et al, 2003;Company et al, 2008;Maynou, 2008). In this simulation, global fisheries fluctuate within the limits of the ecosystem's maximum production potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Modelling the sequential geographical exploitation and potential collapse of marine fisheries through economic globalization, climate change and management alternatives

Merino¹,

Barangé²,

Rodwell³

et al. 2011

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Global marine fisheries production has reached a maximum and may even be declining. Underlying this trend is a well-understood sequence of development, overexploitation, depletion and in some instances collapse of individual fish stocks, a pattern that can sequentially link geographically distant populations. Ineffective governance, economic considerations and climate impacts are often responsible for this sequence, although the relative contribution of each factor is contentious. In this paper we use a global bioeconomic model to explore the synergistic effects of climate variability, economic pressures and management measures in causing or avoiding this sequence. The model shows how a combination of climate-induced variability in the underlying fish population production, particular patterns of demand for fish products and inadequate management is capable of driving the world's fisheries into development, overexploitation, collapse and recovery phases consistent with observations. Furthermore, it demonstrates how a sequential pattern of overexploitation can emerge as an endogenous property of the interaction between regional environmental fluctuations and a globalized trade system. This situation is avoidable through adaptive management measures that ensure the sustainability of regional production systems in the face of increasing global environmental change and markets. It is concluded that global management measures are needed to ensure that global food supply from marine products is optimized while protecting long-term ecosystem services across the world's oceans.Keywords: fisheries modelling, sequential exploitation, economic globalization, climate change, fisheries management. RESUMEN: Modelización de la explotación sucesiva y posible colapso de las pesquerías marinas por medio de la globalización económica, cambio climático y alternativas de gestión. -La producción pesquera mundial ha superado su máximo potencial y parece estar en declive. Esta tendencia es el resultado de una sucesión de desarrollo, sobreexplotación, agotamiento, y en algunos casos, colapso de los stocks pesqueros individuales. Este proceso conecta recursos distantes a nivel geográfico. Esta secuencia es a menudo atribuida al efecto combinado de una gestión deficiente, consideraciones económicas y efectos ambientales pero la influencia de cada uno de estos factores suele ser difícil de determinar. En el presente trabajo hemos utilizado un modelo bioeconómico global para explorar los efectos conjuntos de la variabilidad climática, presiones económicas y medidas de gestión para producir o evitar esta secuencia. El modelo muestra como una combinación de variabilidad de origen climático en los stocks, el aumento de la demanda de productos marinos y una gestión deficiente es capaz de dirigir las pesquerías mundiales a través de un proceso de desarrollo, sobreexplotación, colapso y recuperación similar a los patrones observados. Además, mostramos cómo el patrón secuencial de sobreexplotación puede emerger como una propiedad endógena...

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Climate Influence on Deep Sea Populations

Cited by 189 publications

References 31 publications

A new approach for assessing cold-water coral growthin situusing fluorescent calcein staining

A new approach for assessing cold-water coral growthin situusing fluorescent calcein staining

Biogeochemical characterization of the riverine particulate organic matter transferred to the NW Mediterranean Sea

Modelling the sequential geographical exploitation and potential collapse of marine fisheries through economic globalization, climate change and management alternatives

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