Climate Dependency of Tree Growth Suppressed by Acid Deposition Effects on Soils in Northwest Russia

Lawrence, Gregory B.; Lapenis, Andrei G.; Berggren, Dan; Апарин, Б. Ф.; Smith, Kevin T.; Shortle, Walter C.; Bailey, Scott W.; Varlyguin, D.; Babikov, B. V.

doi:10.1021/es048759o

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As in the earlier stages of decay, Mg has greater mobility than Ca in soils. Exchangeable Al is much lower in decayed wood than in the forest floor which overlies the mineral soil from which Al can be mobilized by increased acidity [10,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Shortle

Smith

2015

Forests

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Abstract:The depletion of root-available calcium in northern forests soils exposed to decades of increased acid deposition adversely affects forest health and productivity. Laboratory studies indicated the potential of wood-decay fungi to restore lost calcium to the rooting zone of trees. This study reports changes in concentrations of Ca, Mg, and K during decay of sapwood of spruce, maple, hemlock, and birch at two locations in northern New England, USA. Concentrations of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and Al in decayed wood residues after 10 and 12 years of ground contact were also compared. Significant loss of mass indicated by decreasing wood density occurred after two to eight years in conifers and after only two years in hardwoods. A significant gain in wood K was observed at two years, but the gain was not sustained. A significant gain in Ca concentration occurred by six years and that gain was sustained for 12 years. Concentrations of Mg varied. No significant difference in exchangeable Ca concentration was observed between decayed wood residue of spruce and maple and the forest floor. However, decayed wood residue had a much lower molar Al/Ca ratio, a conditional characteristic of sites with high root-available Ca.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following root uptake, Al is largely precipitated out of solution due to the decreased acidity in the fine root cortex [11], resulting in very low concentrations of Al in wood. Calcium depletion and Al mobilization have caused growth declines and increased mortality in spruce [10,[12][13][14] and maple [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Shortle

Smith

2015

Forests

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“…Simulations show that, as a result of vegetation shifts, the potential carbon gains from the expansion of boreal forests in the north are likely to be offset by losses in the south (Friend et al, 2014;Schaphoff et al, 2013). Furthermore, increases in tree growth from climate warming may be limited by decreased soil fertility in northern and eastern regions (Lawrence et al, 2005). For a forest area in the Kostroma region 450 km northeast of Moscow, Shanin et al (2011) projected an increase in carbon stock in trees from 125 t ha À1 to 150 t ha…”

Section: Forest Productivity and Carbon Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tamm Review: Observed and projected climate change impacts on Russia’s forests and its carbon balance

Schaphoff

Reyer

Schepaschenko

et al. 2016

Forest Ecology and Management

108

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a b s t r a c tRussia's boreal forests provide numerous important ecosystem functions and services, but they are being increasingly affected by climate change. This review presents an overview of observed and potential future climate change impacts on those forests with an emphasis on their aggregate carbon balance and processes driving changes therein. We summarize recent findings highlighting that radiation increases, temperature-driven longer growing seasons and increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations generally enhance vegetation productivity, while heat waves and droughts tend to decrease it. Estimates of major carbon fluxes such as net biome production agree that the Russian forests as a whole currently act as a carbon sink, but these estimates differ in terms of the magnitude of the sink due to different methods and time periods used. Moreover, models project substantial distributional shifts of forest biomes, but they may overestimate the extent to which the boreal forest will shift poleward as past migration rates have been slow. While other impacts of current climate change are already substantial, and projected impacts could be both large-scale and disastrous, the likelihood for a tipping point behavior of Russia's boreal forest is still unquantified. Other substantial research gaps include the large-scale effect of (climate-driven) disturbances such as fires and insect outbreaks, which are expected to increase in the future. We conclude that the impacts of climate change on Russia's boreal forest are often superimposed by other environmental and societal changes in a complex way, and the interaction of these developments could exacerbate both existing and projected future challenges. Hence, development of adaptation and mitigation strategies for Russia's forests is strongly advised.

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“…Declines in stem growth and mortality due to Ca depletion followed by aluminum (Al) mobilization have been documented in spruce (Picea spp.) (Lawrence et al 1995(Lawrence et al , 2005Shortle and Smith 1988;Shortle et al 1997) and maple (Acer spp.) , Lawrence et al 1999, Long et al 2009, St.Clair et al 2008, Zaccherio and Finzi 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bees of Maine, with a State Species Checklist

Dibble

Drummond

Stubbs

et al. 2017

Northeastern Naturalist

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The Penobscot Experimental Forest (PEF) in Maine has been the site of U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station (previously Northeastern Forest Experiment Station) research on northern conifer silviculture and ecology since 1950. Purchased by forest industry and leased to the Forest Service for long-term experimentation, the PEF was donated to the University of Maine Foundation in 1994. Since that time, the University and the Forest Service have worked in collaboration to advance the PEF as a site for research, demonstration, and education. This publication reports the history of the PEF during its first 60 years (1950 to 2010) and presents highlights of research accomplishments in silviculture, ecology, ecophysiology, nutrient cycling, botany, and other areas. Issues of data management and forest management planning are addressed. Also included is a bibliography of publications originating from research on the PEF, as well as recollections of a research forester stationed there for 30 years.More than half a century of work on the PEF has served as an important source of information for practitioners and policy makers in the Acadian Forest region of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, and informed the practice of silviculture nationally and internationally. Long-term consistency in treatment application and measurement; stand-level replication; and accessible, digital data, metadata, and records archives have facilitated hundreds of studies and made the PEF an invaluable and highly influential research site. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the Forest Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. DEDICATIONSustaining long-term research at experimental forests depends on the foresight, commitment, and dedication of many people over decades. For more than 60 years, research on forest ecology and silviculture has been conducted on the Penobscot Experimental Forest. The men and women who do this work day in, day out, deserve much of the credit for the longevity and success of this endeavor. Among those who have contributed or are continuing to contribute to this ongoing research are scientists, professionals, and technicians with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and the University of Maine, who work in partnership to maintain the studies and the site. Over the years, hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students from the University of Maine and elsewhere have worked side by side with others from the University and the Forest Service to carry out the research described in these pages.We thank all those who have been involved with the Penobscot Experimental Forest since 1950 collecting, managing, and analyzing data; implementing technology transfer; maintaining the forest and infrastructure; and providing administrati...

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Climate Dependency of Tree Growth Suppressed by Acid Deposition Effects on Soils in Northwest Russia

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Tamm Review: Observed and projected climate change impacts on Russia’s forests and its carbon balance

Bees of Maine, with a State Species Checklist

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