Climate, Clothing, and Agriculture in Prehistory

Gilligan, Ian

doi:10.1017/9781108555883

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Proxies such as faunal remains at hominin sites can give an indication as to what type of clothing Neanderthals may have made. One such study concluded that H. sapiens developed more complex clothing than Neanderthals, the latter of which produced comparatively simple garments likened to fur capes (Collard et al ., ; see Gilligan, , for more information on simple and complex clothing).…”

Section: Technological Buffering and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years

Galway‐Witham

Cole

Stringer

2019

J Quaternary Science

104

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This paper reviews some of the main advances in our understanding of human evolution over the last 1 million years, presenting a holistic overview of a field defined by interdisciplinary approaches to studying the origins of our species. We begin by briefly summarizing the climatic context across the Old World for the last 1 million years before directly addressing the fossil and archaeological records. The main themes in this work explore (i) recent discoveries in the fossil record over the last 15 years, such as Homo naledi and Homo floresiensis; (ii) the implications of palaeogenetics for understanding the evolutionary history of, and relationships between, Neanderthals, Denisovans and Homo sapiens; (iii) the interplay between physiology and metabolic demand, landscape use, and behavioural adaptations in the evolution of morphological and behavioural innovation; and (iv) recent advances in archaeological understanding for the behavioural record, in particular that of the Neanderthals. This paper seeks to provide a broad‐scale, holistic perspective of our current understanding of human evolution for the last 1 Ma, providing a reference point for researchers that can be built upon as new discoveries continue to develop the landscapes of human evolution. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Technological Buffering and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years

Galway‐Witham

Cole

Stringer

2019

J Quaternary Science

104

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“…Thus, the trade-off for "ancient" MtbC lineages is the higher probability of progression to active TB at a cost of being less able to disseminate through the population explaining why "ancient" lineages can only be found in certain geographical locations 21 . The fact that the appearance of "modern" lineages (46,000 BCE) coincided with a significant increase in the population (from 10 4 to 10 6 individuals) in Asia, while remaining constant in Africa (around 10 6 people) 22,23 , indicates that some sort of population explosion occurred in Asia before the Neolithic, as proposed by several authors [24][25][26] , giving support to its dissemination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…There is a wide consensus regarding the stability of the population density in the Middle Paleolithic. Thus, it appears that the growth rate was around 0.003%, which significantly increased up to the 0.1% in the Neolithic 13,26,52 . We have adjusted this rate for the expected predominant lineage in each period, namely the "ancient" one for the Paleolithic and the "modern" for the Neolithic, to determine the birth rate (λ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Origin of tuberculosis in the Paleolithic predicts unprecedented population growth and female resistance

Cardona

Català

Prats

2020

Sci Rep

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Current data estimate the origin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC) infection around 73,000 years before the common era (BCE), and its evolution to “modern” lineages around 46,000 BCE. Being MtbC a major killer of humanity, the question is how both species could persist. To answer this question, we have developed two new epidemiological models (SEIR type), adapted to sex dimorphism and comparing coinfection and superinfection for different MtbC lineages. We have attributed a higher resistance/tolerance to females to explain the lower incidence noted in this sex, a better health status in the Paleolithic compared to the Neolithic, and a higher dissemination of “modern” lineages compared to “ancient” ones. Our findings show the extraordinary impact caused by “modern” lineages, provoking the extinction of the groups infected. This could only be overcomed by an unprecedented population increase (x20 times in 100 years) and helped with the protection generated by previous infection with “ancient” lineages. Our findings also suggest a key role of female resistance against MtbC. This data obliges us to rethink the growth population parameters in the Paleolithic, which is crucial to understanding the survival of both MtbC and humans, and to decipher the nature of human female resistance against TB.

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“…Such research also highlights the ways that archaeology is uniquely positioned to register the degree to which humans have shaped themselves as they have created the current world, providing lessons for more sustainable ecologies and more balanced renderings of the intertwined human and natural actions that constitute environmental history (d'Alpoim Guedes and Hein ; Garcin et al. ; Gilligan ; Kintigh and Ingram ; Malhi ; Sanchez et al. ; Snitker ).…”

Section: Socionature and Political Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

New Digs: Networks, Assemblages, and the Dissolution of Binary Categories in Anthropological Archaeology

Kosiba

2019

American Anthropologist

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Anthropological archaeology has long been a process of categorization. The history of the subdiscipline could be rendered in terms of an ongoing project to create, critique, and then refashion the categories by which archaeologists understand and explain social and ecological processes. Despite ever-changing theoretical tides, many archaeologists have continued to adhere to a lingua franca that demarcates their object of study, whether "the past," "nature," complexity, material culture, or historical knowledge. In 2018, strong currents in archaeological scholarship have both challenged and washed out the boundaries of many of these epistemological mainstays. This was more than a postmodern exercise to question metanarratives of history or to destabilize supposed social universals. The recent scholarship develops innovative theoretical perspectives and sophisticated methodological tools to shed light on the varied human interactions, practices, and projects that were previously occluded by research too sharply focused on bounded categories such as periods, polities, adaptations, and meanings. Furthermore, archaeologists are now more than ever critically examining the colonial institutions that they perpetuate and seeking to establish new common ground with Indigenous communities. A decidedly archaeological perspective seems to be taking shape.This is a view that sees social life from the ground up in terms of complicated relationships between people, things, and other organisms that cannot be reduced to catchall categories. [year in review, archaeology, archaeological theory, current issues, Indigenous archaeology, environmental anthropology] RESUMEN La arqueología antropológica ha sido durante mucho tiempo un proceso de categorización. La historia de la subdisciplina podría ser descrita en términos de un proyecto continuo de crear, criticar y luego rehacer las categorías a través de las cuales los arqueólogos entienden y explican los procesos sociales y ecológicos. A pesar de las mareas teóricas siempre cambiantes, muchos arqueólogos han continuado adhiriéndose a una lengua franca que demarca su objeto de estudio, ya sea "el pasado", "naturaleza", complejidad, cultura material o conocimiento histórico.En 2018, corrientes fuertes en la investigación arqueológica han tanto retado como difuminado los límites de muchos de los pilares epistemológicos. Esto fue más que un ejercicio posmoderno para cuestionar metanarrativas de la historia o para desestabilizar supuestos universales sociales. La reciente investigación desarrolla perspectivas teóricas innovadoras y herramientas metodológicas sofisticadas para arrojar luz sobre las variadas interacciones humanas, prácticas y proyectos que estuvieron previamente ocluidos por investigación excesivamente enfocada en categorías delimitadas tales como períodos, unidades políticas, adaptaciones y significados. Además, los arqueólogos ahora están más que nunca examinando críticamente las instituciones coloniales que perpetúan y buscando establecer un nuevo terreno común con las c...

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Climate, Clothing, and Agriculture in Prehistory

Cited by 20 publications

References 595 publications

Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years

Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years

Origin of tuberculosis in the Paleolithic predicts unprecedented population growth and female resistance

New Digs: Networks, Assemblages, and the Dissolution of Binary Categories in Anthropological Archaeology

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