Climate change leads to differential shifts in the timing of annual cycle stages in a migratory bird

Tomotani, Barbara M.; Jeugd, Henk P. van der; Gienapp, Phillip; Hera, Iván de la; Pilzecker, Jos; Teichmann, Corry; Visser, Marcel E.

doi:10.1111/gcb.14006

Cited by 82 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…The recent increase in temperature caused by climate change causes changes in the timing of annual cycle stages but not at the same rates (Both & Visser, ; Crozier et al., ; Ozgul et al., ; Moyes et al., ; Tomotani, van der Jeugd, et al (Submitted)). This means that this already short interval between breeding and moult may be either further reduced depending on how fast breeding and moult shift Tomotani, van der Jeugd, et al (Submitted). Earlier breeding, on the other hand may also allow a longer duration of moult if departure does not change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used this information to calculate the proportion of (locally) surviving birds from each treatment and, in the case of the females, we also obtained the next year laying dates and clutch sizes. The male comparison, however, need to be treated with care, because mostly males from the control group were deployed with geolocators after the experiment ended (24 controls and 5 plucked, for purposes not related to the present experiment, Tomotani, van der Jeugd, et al ()), which could impose an additional constraint to the survival probability for this group (Bowlin et al., ). The male survival comparison is still relevant since previous geolocator studies with pied flycatcher reported low impact on return rates of tagged birds in comparison to controls (Ouwehand & Both, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulated moult reduces flight performance but overlap with breeding does not affect breeding success in a long‐distance migrant

et al. 2017

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Long‐distance migrants are time‐constrained as they need to incorporate many annual cycle stages within a year. Migratory passerines moult in the short interval between breeding and migration. To widen this interval, moult may start while still breeding, but this results in flying with moulting wings when food provisioning. We experimentally simulated wing gaps in breeding male pied flycatchers by plucking two primary feathers from both wings. We quantified the nest visitations of both parents, proportion of high‐quality food brought to the nestlings and adults and nestlings condition. Differences in oxidative damage caused by a possible reduction in flight efficiency were measured in amounts of ROMs and OXY in the blood. We also measured how flight performance was affected with recordings of the male`s escape flight using high‐speed cameras. Finally, we collected data on adult survival, clutch size and laying date in the following year. “Plucked” males travelled a 5% shorter distance per wingbeat, showing that our treatment reduced flight performance. In line with this, “plucked” males visited their nests less often. Females of “plucked” males, however, visited the nest more often than controls, and fully compensated their partner's reduced visitation rate. As a result, there were no differences between treatments in food quality brought to the nest, adult or chick mass or number of successfully fledged chicks. Males did not differ in their oxidative damage or local survival to the following year. In contrast, females paired with plucked males tended to return less often to breed in the next year in comparison to controls, but this difference was not significant. For the birds that did return, there were no effects on breeding. Our results reveal that wing gaps in male pied flycatchers reduce their flight performance, but when it occurs during breeding they prioritise their future reproduction by reducing parental care. As a result, there is no apparent detriment to their condition during breeding. Because non‐moulting females are able to compensate their partner's reduced care, there is also no immediate cost to the offspring, but females may pay the cost suffering from a reduced survival. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12974/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated moult reduces flight performance but overlap with breeding does not affect breeding success in a long‐distance migrant

et al. 2017

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“…The effects of climate change on moult extent, duration and timing are largely unknown. Surprisingly, most studies that investigate the effects of climate change on avian life‐history traits do not mention moult (Stenseth & Mysterud, ; Winkler, Dunn & McCulloch, ; Crick, ; Both & Visser, ; but see Hedenström et al, ; Tomotani et al, ), despite its importance for understanding bird ecology and evolution, particularly with regard to life‐history transitions under current and expected global climate changes.…”

Section: Directions For Future Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of long‐distance migration on the evolution of moult strategies in Western‐Palearctic passerines

2018

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Although feathers are the unifying characteristic of all birds, our understanding of the causes, mechanisms, patterns and consequences of the feather moult process lags behind that of other major avian life‐history phenomena such as reproduction and long‐distance migration. Migration, which evolved in many species of the temperate and arctic zones, requires high energy expenditure to endure long‐distance journeys. About a third of Western‐Palearctic passerines perform long‐distance migrations of thousands of kilometres each year using various morphological, physiological, biomechanical, behavioural and life‐history adaptations. The need to include the largely non‐overlapping breeding, long‐distance migration and feather moult processes within the annual cycle imposes a substantial constraint on the time over which the moult process can take place. Here, we review four feather‐moult‐related adaptations which, likely due to time constraints, evolved among long‐distance Western‐Palearctic migrants: (i) increased moult speed; (ii) increased overlap between moult and breeding or migration; (iii) decreased extent of plumage moult; and (iv) moult of part or all of the plumage during the over‐wintering period in the tropics rather than in the breeding areas. We suggest that long‐distance migration shaped the evolution of moult strategies and increased the diversity of these strategies among migratory passerines. In contrast to this variation, all resident passerines in the Western Palearctic moult immediately after breeding by renewing the entire plumage of adults and in some species also juveniles, while in other species juvenile moult is partial. We identify important gaps in our current understanding of the moult process that should be addressed in the future. Notably, previous studies suggested that the ancestral moult strategy is a post‐breeding summer moult in the Western Palearctic breeding areas and that moult during the winter evolved due to the scheduling of long‐distance migration immediately after breeding. We offer an alternative hypothesis based on the notion of southern ancestry, proposing that the ancestral moult strategy was a complete moult during the ‘northern winter’ in the Afro‐tropical region in these species, for both adults and juveniles. An important aspect of the observed variation in moult strategies relates to their control mechanisms and we suggest that there is insufficient knowledge regarding the physiological mechanisms that are involved, and whether they are genetically fixed or shaped by environmental factors. Finally, research effort is needed on how global climate changes may influence avian annual routines by altering the scheduling of major processes such as long‐distance migration and feather moult.

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“…Migratory individuals depend on a wide range of temporally and spatially distributed habitats and resources across the annual cycle, which is thought to expose migrants—especially long‐distance migrants—to increased potential risks (Both et al, ; Gilroy, Gill, Butchart, Jones, & Franco, ; Robinson et al, ; Wilcove & Wikelski, ). Rising temperatures have been linked to poleward range shifts in migratory species (Breed, Stichter, & Crone, ; La Sorte & Thompson, ), shorter migration distances (Heath, Steenhof, & Foster, ; Visser, Perdeck, Balen, & Both, ), earlier arrival times (Jonzén et al, ; Usui, Butchart, & Phillimore, ) and earlier breeding times (Both et al, ; Tomotani et al, ). Furthermore, the capacity of migratory species to adapt to climate change is not universal (Fraser et al, ; Robinson et al, ), and inability to do so has been linked to population declines (Møller, Rubolini, & Lehikoinen, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness consequences of different migratory strategies in partially migratory populations: A multi‐taxa meta‐analysis

Buchan

Gilroy

Catry

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Partial migration—wherein migratory and non‐migratory individuals exist within the same population—represents a behavioural dimorphism; for it to persist over time, both strategies should yield equal individual fitness. This balance may be maintained through trade‐offs where migrants gain survival benefits by avoiding unfavourable conditions, while residents gain breeding benefits from early access to resources. There has been little overarching quantitative analysis of the evidence for this fitness balance. As migrants—especially long‐distance migrants—may be particularly vulnerable to environmental change, it is possible that recent anthropogenic impacts could drive shifts in fitness balances within these populations. We tested these predictions using a multi‐taxa meta‐analysis. Of 2,939 reviewed studies, 23 contained suitable information for meta‐analysis, yielding 129 effect sizes. Of these, 73% (n = 94) reported higher resident fitness, 22% (n = 28) reported higher migrant fitness, and 5% (n = 7) reported equal fitness. Once weighted for precision, we found balanced fitness benefits across the entire dataset, but a consistently higher fitness of residents over migrants in birds and herpetofauna (the best‐sampled groups). Residency benefits were generally associated with survival, not breeding success, and increased with the number of years of data over which effect sizes were calculated, suggesting deviations from fitness parity are not due to sampling artefacts. A pervasive survival benefit to residency documented in recent literature could indicate that increased exposure to threats associated with anthropogenic change faced by migrating individuals may be shifting the relative fitness balance between strategies.

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Climate change leads to differential shifts in the timing of annual cycle stages in a migratory bird

Cited by 82 publications

References 86 publications

Simulated moult reduces flight performance but overlap with breeding does not affect breeding success in a long‐distance migrant

Simulated moult reduces flight performance but overlap with breeding does not affect breeding success in a long‐distance migrant

The effects of long‐distance migration on the evolution of moult strategies in Western‐Palearctic passerines

Fitness consequences of different migratory strategies in partially migratory populations: A multi‐taxa meta‐analysis

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