Climate change and thermo-solar patterns of office buildings with/without window films in extreme hot-arid climate of Kuwait

Sedaghat, Ahmad; Sabati, Mohammad; Alkhatib, Fadi; Oloomi, Seyed Amir Abbas; Sabri, Farhad; Salem, Hayder; Zafar, Waqar Jan; Malayer, Mahdi Ashtian

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2021.02.051

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In studies conducted in countries with different hot climates, the positive effects of film coating on IEQ and its energy efficiency potential have been investigated. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce incident sunlight by 20%-93% and cooling energy demand can be reduced by 29% Cuce et al, 2021;Sedaghat et al, 2021).…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that indoor humidity in buildings with window films increased and the temperature was generally reduced by 2-5 8C compared to windows without doubleglazing film, which can significantly reduce the cooling load in extremely hot-arid climates. It has also been highlighted that reducing the temperature in a building by 1 8C can save up to Transparent building envelope renovations 10% of the cooling load (Sedaghat et al, 2021). By using SCF in a building in Lisbon, the highest thermal and optical performance was achieved with the most reflective SCF.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of transparent building envelope renovations for indoor thermal comfort in an educational building

Aydın,

Yılmaz Erten

2023

OHI

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PurposeThe buildings should be designed by respecting the environmental and climatic conditions they are in and their orientation. Then, the characteristics of the building envelope (BE) play an important role in building energy consumption and user comfort. In fact, the type and material of glazing is one of the crucial parameters for BE. The transparency ratio of BE also determines the façade performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the different renovation scenarios for BE with high transparency of an educational building (EB) in hot summer weather to obtain indoor thermal comfort (ITC) for users.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology includes thorough measurement of existing ITC using TESTO-440 and simulation of each retrofit scenario using DesignBuilder building energy modeling (BEM) simulation software with Energyplus to determine optimal thermal comfort. Since the study focuses on the impact of the transparent BE on summer ITC, four main scenarios, naturally ventilated (NV) façade, film-coated glass façade, replacement of glazing with opaque units, sun-controlled façade with overhang and solar shading, were simulated. The results were analyzed comparatively on both performance and cost to find the best renovation solutions.FindingsA total of 7 different renovation scenarios were tested. Simulation results show that passive systems such as NV have limited contribution to indoor air temperature (IAT) improvement, achieving only a 4 °C reduction while offering the lowest cost. A film coating resulted in a reduction of 3–6 °C, but these applications have the highest cost and least impact on ITC. It was found that exterior coating leads to better results in film coating. Preventing and limiting the increase in IAT was achieved by reducing the transparency ratio of BE. The best results were obtained in these scenarios, and it was possible to reduce IAT by more than 10 °C. The best performance/cost value were also obtained by decreasing transparency ratio of roof and sun control.Research limitations/implicationsSince the high transparency ratio has a negative impact on summer comfort, especially in hot climate zones, summer ITC was prioritized in the renovation solutions for the case building.Originality/valueThe study’s findings present a range of solutions for improving the ITC of highly transparent buildings. The solutions can help building managers see the differences in renovation costs and their impacts on ITC to decrease the cooling load of the existing buildings.

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Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of transparent building envelope renovations for indoor thermal comfort in an educational building

Aydın,

Yılmaz Erten

2023

OHI

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“…Among the important components of a building's outer wall, glass windows have a significant impact on the building's energy efficiency due to heat transfer through conduction. By improving the insulation performance of glass windows, the building's energy consumption can be effectively reduced, indoor temperature can be lowered, and the comfort and livability of residential and office environments can be enhanced [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effects of Window Films on the Indoor Environment and Air-Conditioning Electricity Consumption of Buildings

Huang,

Hu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Energies

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of window films on indoor environmental conditions and electricity consumption of air conditioning. The research focused on the performance of different window films (HAG, RG), taking into account variations from different building orientations. The findings of this research indicated that building orientation could significantly influence the duration of direct sunlight entering the interior, with the areas closer to the glass being more susceptible to the effects of outdoor temperature and solar radiation. The clear glass with heat-absorbing film (HAG) and reflective film (RG) both reduced the indoor temperature and indoor illuminance while increasing indoor comfort. The RG could accumulate less heat on the glass surface compared with the HAG. The glass temperature of the RG will be lower than the HAG. The electricity-saving ratios of the HAG were 1.4%, 1.9%, 1.4%, and 1.2%, respectively, when facing the east, south, west, and northwest orientations compared with the clear glass (OG). The electricity-saving ratios of the RG were 3%, 4.2%, 4.2%, and 10.3%, respectively.

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“…Kuwait’s extremely hot weather affects the desert and marine ecosystems, with daily maximum temperatures exceeding their long-term averages for several consecutive days ( Nasrallah et al, 2004 ; Al-Awadhi et al, 2005 ). Summer in Kuwait lasts from the end of May until mid-September, with the hottest months being June–August ( Sedaghat et al, 2021 ). Hence, chronic heat stress can be easily induced in Kuwait during the summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic heat stress induces the expression of HSP genes in the retina of chickens (Gallus gallus)

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Chronic heat stress during summer is a major challenge imposed by global warming. Chickens are more sensitive to heat stress than mammals because they lack sweat glands. Thus, chickens are more susceptible to heat stress during summer than other seasons. Induction of heat shock protein (HSP) genes is one of the primary defense mechanisms against heat stress. Tissue-specific responses exhibited by different classes of HSPs upon exposure to heat stress have been reported previously in different tissues including the heart, kidney, intestine, blood, and muscle, but not in the retina. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression levels of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in the retina under chronic heat stress.Methods: This study was conducted during the summers of 2020 and 2021 in Kuwait. Chickens (Gallus gallus) were divided into control and heat-treated groups and sacrificed at different developmental stages. Retinas were extracted and analyzed by using Real Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).Results: Our results from the summer of 2021 were similar to that from the summer of 2020, regardless of whether GAPDH or RPL5 was used as a gene normalizer. All five HSP genes were upregulated in the retina of 21-day-old heat-treated chickens and stayed upregulated until 35 days of age, with the exception of HSP40, which was downregulated. The addition of two more developmental stages in the summer of 2021 showed that at 14 days, all HSP genes were upregulated in the retina of heat-treated chickens. In contrast, at 28 days, HSP27 and HSP40 were downregulated, whereas HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were upregulated. Furthermore, our results showed that under chronic heat stress, the highest upregulation of HSP genes was seen at the earliest developmental stages.Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the expression levels of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in the retina under chronic heat stress. Some of our results match the previously reported expression levels of some HSPs in other tissues under heat stress. These results suggest that HSP gene expression can be used as a biomarker for chronic heat stress in the retina.

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Climate change and thermo-solar patterns of office buildings with/without window films in extreme hot-arid climate of Kuwait

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of transparent building envelope renovations for indoor thermal comfort in an educational building

Analysis of transparent building envelope renovations for indoor thermal comfort in an educational building

Evaluation of the Effects of Window Films on the Indoor Environment and Air-Conditioning Electricity Consumption of Buildings

Chronic heat stress induces the expression of HSP genes in the retina of chickens (Gallus gallus)

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