Climate change and marine plankton

Hays, Graeme C.; Richardson, Anthony J.; Robinson, Carol

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2005.03.004

Cited by 965 publications

(630 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Rising temperature could directly affect phytoplankton productivity by altering metabolic rates Lewandowska et al, 2014), as ambient water temperatures in the SO are commonly sub-optimal for the growth of Antarctic phytoplankton (Moisan et al, 2002). Thus, increasing sea surface temperatures are expected to increase photosynthesis and cause floristic shifts towards warm-water species, while restricting cold-water species' ranges and reducing their present distribution and potentially the biodiversity of these cold water communities (Hays et al, 2005). Studies of Antarctic phytoplankton indicate that a rise in temperature alone causes only a modest increase in their growth rate (e.g.…”

Section: Climate-driven Changes To the Southern Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

114

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Please cite this article in press as: Petrou, K., et al., Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate. J Plant Physiol (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.004 ARTICLE IN PRESS a b s t r a c tThe Southern Ocean (SO) is a major sink for anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), potentially harbouring even greater potential for additional sequestration of CO 2 through enhanced phytoplankton productivity. In the SO, primary productivity is primarily driven by bottom up processes (physical and chemical conditions) which are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Due to a paucity of trace metals (such as iron) and high variability in light, much of the SO is characterised by an ecological paradox of high macronutrient concentrations yet uncharacteristically low chlorophyll concentrations. It is expected that with increased anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and the coincident warming, the major physical and chemical process that govern the SO will alter, influencing the biological capacity and functioning of the ecosystem. This review focuses on the SO primary producers and the bottom up processes that underpin their health and productivity. It looks at the major physico-chemical drivers of change in the SO, and based on current physiological knowledge, explores how these changes will likely manifest in phytoplankton, specifically, what are the physiological changes and floristic shifts that are likely to ensue and how this may translate into changes in the carbon sink capacity, net primary productivity and functionality of the SO.

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Section: Climate-driven Changes To the Southern Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

114

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“…The Ceratium species are known from warm waters of the Tasman Sea (Hallegraeff et al 2010) and, considering the season, we suggest that the strengthening EAC was responsible for their appearance in southern Tasmania. The poleward extension of tropical and warmtemperate Ceratium species has been well documented in the Northern Hemisphere (Dodge and Marshall 1994;Johns et al 2003;Barnard et al 2004;Hays et al 2005;Edwards et al 2006), and it is predicted that subsequent expansions will occur into the future (Turin-Ley et al 2009). As Tasmania is expected to experience continued ocean warming into this century (Ridgway and Hill 2009), it follows that introductions of Ceratium, and perhaps other warm water species, will also be observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Planktonic communities, which are sensitive to regional oceanography due to their free-floating nature (Hays et al 2005) and physiological coupling to temperature (Richardson 2008), can be expected to change. Changes to phytoplankton community dynamics can dramatically alter an ecosystem by introducing mismatches between successive trophic levels (Edwards and Richardson 2004) and by instigating a reorganisation of the community (Hays et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes to phytoplankton community dynamics can dramatically alter an ecosystem by introducing mismatches between successive trophic levels (Edwards and Richardson 2004) and by instigating a reorganisation of the community (Hays et al 2005). Temperate environments are particularly vulnerable to seasonal physical abnormalities due to the dependency of higher trophic levels on the timing of phytoplankton pulses and associated peaks in primary production (Edwards and Richardson 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New evidence links changing shelf phytoplankton communities to boundary currents in southeast Tasmania

Buchanan

Swadling

Eriksen

et al. 2013

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Southern Tasmanian shelf waters are host to the seasonal interplay of Australia's two poleward boundary currents; the East Australian Current (EAC) and the Leeuwin Current (LC). While the behaviour and properties of the LC remain underexplored, strong research focus has allowed insight into how an intensifying EAC has created greater subtropical influence, leading to changes in the physical and biological oceanography of the region. In this cool temperate setting seven species of dinoflagellates, all in the genus Ceratium, which are more typically associated with warm waters of eastern Australia, were observed. This coincided with the seasonal increase in the EAC's southward penetration beginning in October. Despite the seasonal peak in EAC activity, temperature-salinity plots, nutrient, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton concentrations all indicate the presence of subantarctic waters on the shelf and in coastal waters in summer. Our results are consistent with the description of the EAC as an erratic, eddy-driven current; this itself allowing the periodic influx of subantarctic waters across the shelf. In winter, temperature-salinity plots and nutrient concentrations indicate that the LC was present in southern shelf waters. In addition to its high nitrate signature, the LC displayed low silicate properties in southern Tasmania. Chlorophyll a concentrations revealed a distinct spring bloom event and an extended, productive summer, typical of temperate and subantarctic systems, respectively. This suggests the region is a transitional state between classic seasonal primary production cycles for temperate and subantarctic waters. This paper links changes in southern Tasmanian microphytoplankton communities to shelf ventilation by the EAC, the LC and subantarctic waters, and provides new insight into the oceanography of the region. Consequently, this study provides an awareness of potential phytoplankton perturbations that may be applied to other coastal cool temperate marine environments.

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“…18.5). In some marine ecosystems a shift from larger to smaller phyto-and zooplankton organisms (Moline et al 2004;Hays et al 2005) with cascading effects on higher trophic levels (Montes-Hugo et al 2009) and even on the abyssal benthos is observed or expected (Smith et al 2008). In polar areas, warming might shift species composition and functional biodiversity (e.g., via reduced ventilation of the deep-sea or melting of sea-ice alter), which potentially alters primary production as well as particle flux to the sea-bed, and thereby destructs essentially important habitats (Boetius et al 2013;Gutt et al 2015).…”

Section: Range Shifts Alter Regional Marine Diversity Under Altered Tmentioning

confidence: 99%