Climate Change and Global Food Systems: Potential Impacts on Food Security and Undernutrition

Myers, Samuel S.; Smith, Merritt Roe; Guth, Sarah; Golden, Christopher D.; Vaitla, Bapu; Mueller, Nathaniel D.; Dangour, Alan D.; Huybers, Peter

doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044356

Cited by 624 publications

(325 citation statements)

References 118 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

316

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, growing population and limited arable land continue to challenge food security [2]. The global population will continue to grow to more than nine billion by 2050, and crop production should be doubled to keep pace with the demands for food due to population growth [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmland Rental and Productivity of Wheat and Maize: An Empirical Study in Gansu, China

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The rapid growth of farmland rental markets in China raises questions about the association of farmland rental and agricultural productivity. Although this issue has been extensively studied, the majority of studies have focused on yields and technical efficiency, with input use and cost efficiency receiving little attention. This study aimed to determine the statistical association of wheat and maize farmers' farmland rental behaviors (renting land, not renting land and renting out land) and input use, and the consequent association of farmers' farmland rental behaviors and cost efficiency. For this purpose, the linear regression model and stochastic frontier model were employed, based on a survey data of 419 wheat and maize farmers in 25 villages in five counties of Gansu Province, China. The study found that farmland rental enhanced productivity and sustainability of agriculture through transferring farmland from households with less productivity to those with high productivity, and it was also helpful to reducing the consumption of fertilizers and chemicals in agricultural production. The results suggest that replacing labor with machines is an important way to reduce production costs, and households specializing in agricultural production use more rational amounts of fertilizers and chemicals than those with low productivity. Thus, the machinery purchase policy in China should continue to give great benefit to farmers. In addition, the machinery purchase subsidization policy has achieved satisfactory results in China, and it could be a good reference for other developing countries. However, some efficiency loss was found in households that rented out their land, and policy makers need to pay some attention to these households.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmland Rental and Productivity of Wheat and Maize: An Empirical Study in Gansu, China

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…food, feed, fibers, and bioenergy) will be needed in order to meet global food demands of the growing human population (Myers et al, 2017). This challenge is further exacerbated under the projected climate change scenarios, which predict an aggravation in the intensity and frequency of extreme events, such as temperature fluctuations, water deficit and salt toxicity (Sillmann et al, 2013;Munns and Gilliham, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Physiological and Transcriptional Shifts under Combinations of Salinity, Drought, and Heat

Shaar-Moshe

Blumwald²,

Peleg³

2017

Plant Physiol.

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate-change-driven stresses such as extreme temperatures, water deficit, and ion imbalance are projected to exacerbate and jeopardize global food security. Under field conditions, these stresses usually occur simultaneously and cause damages that exceed single stresses. Here, we investigated the transcriptional patterns and morpho-physiological acclimations of Brachypodium dystachion to single salinity, drought, and heat stresses, as well as their double and triple stress combinations. Hierarchical clustering analysis of morpho-physiological acclimations showed that several traits exhibited a gradually aggravating effect as plants were exposed to combined stresses. On the other hand, other morphological traits were dominated by salinity, while some physiological traits were shaped by heat stress. Response patterns of differentially expressed genes, under single and combined stresses (i.e. common stress genes), were maintained only among 37% of the genes, indicating a limited expression consistency among partially overlapping stresses. A comparison between common stress genes and genes that were uniquely expressed only under combined stresses (i.e. combination unique genes) revealed a significant shift from increased intensity to antagonistic responses, respectively. The different transcriptional signatures imply an alteration in the mode of action under combined stresses and limited ability to predict plant responses as different stresses are combined. Coexpression analysis coupled with enrichment analysis revealed that each gene subset was enriched with different biological processes. Common stress genes were enriched with known stress response pathways, while combination unique-genes were enriched with unique processes and genes with unknown functions that hold the potential to improve stress tolerance and enhance cereal productivity under suboptimal field conditions.

show abstract

“…Although climate models differ in their specific predictions,8 it is generally agreed that near‐term sustained temperature increases will yield more extreme and variable weather, including extended droughts and flooding,9 which would adversely shift the dynamics of agriculture and disrupt global food supplies. Interestingly, meta‐analyses for a range of crop species have shown that future increases to atmospheric CO 2 will also impact the nutritional protein content of crops10 as well as minerals such as zinc and iron 10, 11, 12. Hence, to maintain or improve an individual's nutritional profile, it will remain important to make available additional varieties of nutrient‐rich foods, such as meat, dairy, fish, nutrient‐rich vegetables/legumes and fortified products, but in a more feasible manner for the environment than that of the current food and agriculture system.…”

Section: Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy and sustainable diets for future generations

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global food systems will face unprecedented challenges in the coming years. They will need to meet the nutritional needs of a growing population and feed an expanding demand for proteins. This is against a backdrop of increasing environmental challenges (water resources, climate change, soil health) and the need to improve farming livelihoods. Collaborative efforts by a variety of stakeholders are needed to ensure that future generations have access to healthy and sustainable diets. Food will play an increasingly important role in the global discourse on health. These topics were explored during Nestlé's second international conference on ‘Planting Seeds for the Future of Food: The Agriculture, Nutrition and Sustainability Nexus’, which took place in July 2017. This article discusses some of the key issues from the perspective of three major stakeholder groups, namely farming/agriculture, the food industry and consumers. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

show abstract

Climate Change and Global Food Systems: Potential Impacts on Food Security and Undernutrition

Cited by 624 publications

References 118 publications

Farmland Rental and Productivity of Wheat and Maize: An Empirical Study in Gansu, China

Farmland Rental and Productivity of Wheat and Maize: An Empirical Study in Gansu, China

Unique Physiological and Transcriptional Shifts under Combinations of Salinity, Drought, and Heat

Healthy and sustainable diets for future generations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About