Climate change adaptation strategies and food productivity in Nepal: a counterfactual analysis

Khanal, Uttam; Wilson, Clevo; Lee, Boon L.; Hoang, Viet‐Ngu

doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2214-2

Cited by 75 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Numerous studies have also examined the impact of climate change adaptation on crop productivity and income (see e.g. Asrat and Simane 2017;Mohammed et al 2017;Amare and Simane 2018;Di Falco and Veronesi 2018;Gorst, Dehlavi, and Groom 2018;Khanal et al 2018;Nonvide 2018;Wekesa, Ayuya, and Lagat 2018;Cholo et al 2019). However, the current study differs from these studies in at least four areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, a large area of the country is already experiencing a major deficit in food production and is plagued by food insecurity (Di Falco, Veronesi, and Yesuf 2011). One of the ways out of these challenges is the enforcement of adaptation strategies that substantially minimize current and future climate change and contribute to food security (Di Falco and Veronesi 2018;Khanal et al 2018). The most commonly cited climate change adaptation strategies include adjustment of planting and harvesting time, diversification, improved crop variety, adoption of soil and water conservation practices (SWC), irrigation, agroforestry, planting trees, development of early warning system and so forth (Deressa et al 2009;Di Falco 2014;Mengistu, Bewket, and Lal 2015;Amare and Simane 2018;Antwi-Agyei et al 2018;Khanal et al 2018; Komba and Muchapondwa 2018;Nigussie et al 2018;Teklewold, Mekonnen, and Kohlin 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Access to financial capital plays a pivotal role in reducing the financial constraints of farmers and promotes the adoption of irrigation facilities and other inputs such as fertilizer (Di Falco 2014;Wainaina, Tongruksawattana, and Qaim 2016). Moreover, family size, farm experience, education (see Khanal et al 2018) and farmers' access to information reduces the climate risk through informing adaption practices (Deressa et al 2009;Kassie et al 2013;Khanal et al 2018). The institutional services provided by extension agents positively influence the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies through knowledge and confidence building (Bedeke et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The impact of adaptation practices on crop productivity in northwest Ethiopia: an endogenous switching estimation

Adego

Simane

Woldie

2019

Development Studies Research

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Climate change and variability adversely affect smallholder farmers in developing countries, including Ethiopia. In response, farmers are adopting various adaptation strategies. However, there is a paucity of studies examining whether or not these responses benefit farmers in increasing crop productivity. Cognizant of this fact and its policy importance, this study empirically analyzes the impact of adaptation strategies on crop productivity in northwest Ethiopia. We collected data through household survey questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview. We also analyzed time-series climate data to see how crop yield responds to climate variability. The empirical model employs the endogenous switching regression. Climate information and distance to market are validated as instrumental variables. The model revealed that farmers who adopted adaptation strategies would have gained lower yield if they had not adopted them; and those who did not adopt a strategy would have gained higher yield than if they had. Improved seed, contact with development agents (DAs), urea, compost and rainfall are significantly associated with the likelihood of increasing yield. The results also show systematic difference where age is inversely related with adapters and vice versa for non-adapters. Hence, adaptation interventions should consider these heterogeneities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of adaptation practices on crop productivity in northwest Ethiopia: an endogenous switching estimation

Adego

Simane

Woldie

2019

Development Studies Research

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“…Meanwhile, retrofitting irrigation technologies-such as from flood to drip irrigation-also requires additional capital and operational costs that often hinder adoptions, especially for the poor households (Blanke et al 2007, Maraseni et al 2012. There are also a variety of non-financial factors that influence the adoption of water-saving technologies at farms (Khanal et al 2018) and need policy incentives to implement (Nikouei et al 2012). Third, we balance water withdrawals, not consumption, with supply, because it tends to be more relevant to the discussion of water scarcity as it is often measured as a ratio between water withdrawal and availability in the literature (Hejazi et al 2014a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional responses to future, demand-driven water scarcity

Cui

Calvin

Clarke

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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This paper explores regional response strategies to potential water scarcity. Using a model of integrated human-earth system dynamics (GCAM), we test a wide range of alternate water demand scenarios to explore regional response strategies. We create a typology that categorizes countries and basins according to their responses in electricity and agriculture to potential water scarcity. Three different categories are found. First, little response is observed for many basins because water demands do not increase enough to create scarcity. Second, the primary response is adjustments in the electricity sector (e.g. most basins in Western Europe, the United States and China) with a transition to water-saving cooling systems but marginal impact on total power generation or the fuel mix. Third, where there is a lack of sufficient responding capacity in the electricity sector (e.g. Pakistan, Middle East and several basins in India), additional response occurs through reduced irrigation water withdrawals, either by switching from domestic production to imports or from irrigated agriculture to rain-fed production. The primary response mechanism to demand-based water scarcity for individual basins is quite robust across the range of water demand scenarios tested. The results and typology in this paper will be valuable for future research exploring global water scarcity due to both demand and supply drivers.

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“…Such adaptation measures can minimize the adverse impacts of climate change and contribute substantially to reducing the food insecurity of farming households (Challinor et al 2014). More recent research from Nepal shows that the adaptation measures taken are dependent largely on education, resources available, and support (Gentle et al 2018;Khanal et al 2018), but if adaptation is done well, food productivity can increase (Khanal et al 2018). Thus, there is a great need to identify the most successful adaptation measures, and communicate these via extension services throughout Nepal.…”

Section: Community Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change in Lamjung District, Nepal: meteorological evidence, community perceptions, and responses

Joshi

Farquhar

Assareh

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Climate change is a global threat which has particularly strong impacts on countries whose economies are highly dependent on agriculture and still developing-like Nepal. As these impacts increase, there is a need to understand how those most vulnerable are experiencing and reacting to climate change. As such, this study aims to understand the effects of climate change via changes in atmospheric conditions in Bansar Village Development Committee, a rural community located in Lamjung District, and document community-led adaptation strategies. Household surveys and focused group discussions were conducted in conjunction with long-term meteorological data. Results show the temperature has increased significantly in the study area. Additionally, precipitation has increased in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon season while it has decreased in winter leading to droughts. The probability of erratic rainfall occurrence and severe weather such as hailstorms has also increased. Lastly, invasive species have been reported and observed. The combination of these impacts has led to increased crop failure and consequently decreased agricultural production thus threatening the livelihoods of this agricultural based community. However, Bansar residents are actively working to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change. Their responses include changing farming methods and installing new water infrastructure.

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Climate change adaptation strategies and food productivity in Nepal: a counterfactual analysis

Cited by 75 publications

References 45 publications

The impact of adaptation practices on crop productivity in northwest Ethiopia: an endogenous switching estimation

The impact of adaptation practices on crop productivity in northwest Ethiopia: an endogenous switching estimation

Regional responses to future, demand-driven water scarcity

Climate change in Lamjung District, Nepal: meteorological evidence, community perceptions, and responses

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