Climate change: a new metric to measure changes in the frequency of extreme temperatures using record data

Munasinghe, Lalith; Jun, Tackseung; Rind, David

doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0370-8

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Lower, night time temperatures and atmospheric components are employed as they are the best indicators for local climate change (Davy et al 2016), and in particular, because they show the least day-to-day variation (Munasinghe et. al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of climate change on Greek airports

et al. 2020

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Time series of meteorological parameters at ten Greek airports since 1955 indicated the level of climate change in the Eastern Mediterranean area. Using this data, takeoff performance was analysed for the DHC-8-400-a typical short range turboprop airliner, and the A320, a typical medium scale turbofan airliner. For airports with longer runways, a steady but unimportant increase in takeoff distances was found. For airports with shorter runways, the results indicate a steady reduction in available payload. At the most extreme case, results show that for an Airbus A320, operating from the, relatively short, 1511m runway at Chios Airport, the required reduction in payload would be equivalent to 38 passengers with their luggage, or fuel for 700 nautical miles (1300 km) per flight, for the period between the A320's entry to service in 1988 and 2017. These results indicate that for airports where aeroplane maximum takeoff mass is a performance limited function of runway length, and where minimum temperatures have increased and/or mean headwind components decreased, climate change has already had a marked impact on the economic activity in the airline industry. Similar analyses could be usefully carried out for other runway-length-limited airports, which may often include island airports. It is also noted that previous research has only considered temperature effects, and not wind effects. Wind effects in this study are less significant than temperature, but nonetheless have an effect on both field performance noise and pollution nuisance around airports.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of climate change on Greek airports

et al. 2020

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“…More frequent and prolonged drought periods combined with elevated air temperatures are to be expected (Jentsch and Beierkuhnlein 2008;Lintner et al 2012;Munasinghe et al 2012). As a consequence, average and peak leaf temperatures of tropical plants will increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-stimulated heat tolerance in leaves of two neotropical tree species, Ficus insipida and Calophyllum longifolium

Krause

Winter

Krause

et al. 2015

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. Previous heat tolerance tests of higher plants have been mostly performed with darkened leaves. However, under natural conditions, high leaf temperatures usually occur during periods of high solar radiation. In this study, we demonstrate small but significant increases in the heat tolerance of illuminated leaves. Leaf disks of mature sun leaves from two neotropical tree species, Ficus insipida Willd. and Calophyllum longifolium Willd., were subjected to 15 min of heat treatment in the light (500 mmol photons m -2 s -1 ) and in the dark. Tissue temperatures were controlled by floating the disks on the surface of a water bath. PSII activity was determined 24 h and 48 h after heating using chlorophyll a fluorescence. Permanent tissue damage was assessed visually during long-term storage of leaf sections under dim light. In comparison to heat treatments in the dark, the critical temperature (T 50 ) causing a 50% decline of the fluorescence ratio F v /F m was increased by~1 C (from~52.5 C to~53.5 C) in the light. Moreover, illumination reduced the decline of F v /F m as temperatures approached T 50 . Visible tissue damage was reduced following heat treatment in the light. Experiments with attached leaves of seedlings exposed to increasing temperatures in a gas exchange cuvette also showed a positive effect of light on heat tolerance.

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“…Due to the distributional invariance, simplicity of underlying concepts, and frequently striking results, e.g., Meehl et al (2009), the use of record-breaking events (records) in analysis of temperature trends has become more widespread in the past decade, e.g., Benestad (2004), Redner and Petersen (2006), Newman et al (2010), Wergen and Krug (2010), Munasinghe et al (2011), Rahmstorf and Coumou (2011), and Rowe and Derry (2012). By way of brief summary, the statistics are based on the following result: for a time series with independent and identically distributed values from a continuous distribution, X = x 1 , x 2 , x 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature variability and early clustering of record-breaking events

Anderson

Kostinski

2015

Theor Appl Climatol

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As the number of climatological studies using record-breaking statistics is growing rapidly, understanding the sensitivity of the chosen time period becomes essential. To that end, here we examine the evolving variability of monthly mean temperatures and its dependence on beginning and final year. Specifically, we use an index, α, based on record-breaking statistics and employing reversibility such that α = 0 indicates no trend in variability. Generally, α has decreased between 1900 and 2013, indicating decreasing variability relative to early decades for stations from the contiguous USA (United States Historical Climatology Network, version 2.5). We find, somewhat surprisingly, that the observed decrease is due to an early excess of records beginning in 1917 (record low value) and 1921 (record high value). While detailed results depend on whether the data is gridded, detrended, etc., the general finding appears remarkably robust and holds globally as well.

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Climate change: a new metric to measure changes in the frequency of extreme temperatures using record data

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

The impacts of climate change on Greek airports

The impacts of climate change on Greek airports

Light-stimulated heat tolerance in leaves of two neotropical tree species, Ficus insipida and Calophyllum longifolium

Temperature variability and early clustering of record-breaking events

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