Climate and weather service provision: Economic appraisal of adaptation to health impacts

Hunt, Alistair; Ferguson, Julia L.; Baccini, Michela; Watkiss, Paul; Kendrovski, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.cliser.2016.10.004

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, cities are able to show that proactive actions in adaptation could achieve benefits from integrated adaptation and mitigation. For example, the measures of using green roofs, vegetation and ventilation in building designs adopted by cities facing heat waves such as Antwerp, Bilbao, Gothenburg and Madrid are adaptation as well as mitigation strategies [34,59,60,66]. Such actions adapting to extreme weather events could be designed to consider energy efficiency and carbon sequestration for achieving synergies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Dichotomy to an Integrated Approach: Cities’ Benefits of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Huang-Lachmann

Guenther

2020

Sustainability

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Cities are facing impacts of climate change and encountering risks such as extreme weather events, while cities are also aiming to contribute to their mitigation goals by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the differences in characteristics of climate change mitigation and adaptation have shown the possible reasons for a dichotomy in climate policy. This has motivated us to further look into whether cities could integrate their actions in climate change mitigation and adaptation in their planning and how they achieve benefits to overcome the dichotomy. To answer our research question, we have developed an analysis framework built on the endogenous risk theory to analyse how cities overcome the different characteristics to integrate their climate strategies and obtain benefits. The theory of endogenous risk involves seeing both climate change mitigation and adaptation as risk reduction strategies because both of them aim to reduce climate risks and can be carried out by actors who perceive such risks. Therefore, the actors will be more willing to integrate and implement both mitigation and adaptation policy. Our results show that mitigation and adaptation in cities are interlinked and that benefits of an integrated climate change policy exist. A list of entry points how cities overcome the dichotomy are also identified. Our research outcomes also provide a list of benefits identified by the cities in their integrated climate strategies and we call for more public disclosed data for future research and policy assessments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Dichotomy to an Integrated Approach: Cities’ Benefits of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Huang-Lachmann

Guenther

2020

Sustainability

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“…Wider impacts of heat waves may include effects on the retail industry, ecosystem services and tourism (McGregor et al, 2007). Patz et al (2005) state that heat waves cause considerable human health problems, especially in large cities where effects of the thermal islands are amplified (Hunt et al, 2016). The research shows that the warning system contributes to improvement of health of the inhabitants of these cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Long-term development and prediction of climate extremity and heat waves occurrence: Case study for agricultural land

Vańičková

Stehnová

Středová

2017

Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy

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According to the IPCC it is possible to predict larger weather extremity associated with more frequent occurrence of heat waves. These waves have an impact not only on the health status of the population, on economic, social and environmental spheres, but also on agricultural landscape and production. The paper deals with the issue of climate extremity and addresses mainly the occurrence of characteristic days (tropical, summer, freezing, ice and arctic) and heat waves.

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“…Due to a lack of hospitalization data at the city level, we adopted a linear approach to estimating reduced morbidity with the aforementioned combination of adaptation measures. We assumed 102 patient days are expected for every heat-related death (Donaldson et al, 2001;Hunt et al, 2017). We obtained the average daily cost of hospital stays for each of the states in which the cities are located 4 Since the domains of the rasters from the urban climate model included areas outside each of the city limits, the exposed population included in the reduced heat-related mortality valuation included population sizes of approximately 60,000, 220,000 and 330,000 for Mödling, Klagenfurt and Salzburg, respectively.…”

Section: Heat Risk Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost–benefit analysis of implementing urban heat island adaptation measures in small- and medium-sized cities in Austria

Johnson

See

Oswald

et al. 2020

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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Urban heat islands are an increasing concern even in small- to medium-sized cities, although these areas are still understudied especially in terms of the economic feasibility of adaptation options. This paper uses adaptation scenarios produced by an urban climate model as inputs to a social cost–benefit analysis in three small- to medium-sized cities in Austria: Mödling, Klagenfurt, and Salzburg. The adaptation scenarios, which consider measures such as increasing the reflectivity of different sealed surfaces (referred to as the White City scenario) as well as greening measures (i.e. the Green City scenario), show decreases in the number of hot days (Tmax ≥30°C) when implemented. Benefits include reductions in heat-related mortality, which are modeled based on trends of daily mortality and climate data, reduced morbidity, productivity loss, and numerous urban ecosystem services. The results demonstrate favorable benefit–cost ratios of a combination of measures (White and Green City) of 1.27, 1.36, and 2.68 for Mödling, Klagenfurt, and Salzburg, respectively, indicating positive economic grounds for supporting policies in line with the adaptation scenarios. Furthermore, results of the Green City vs. White City showed higher benefits for the combined and Green City scenarios despite higher costs for each of the cities.

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Climate and weather service provision: Economic appraisal of adaptation to health impacts

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

From Dichotomy to an Integrated Approach: Cities’ Benefits of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

From Dichotomy to an Integrated Approach: Cities’ Benefits of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Long-term development and prediction of climate extremity and heat waves occurrence: Case study for agricultural land

A cost–benefit analysis of implementing urban heat island adaptation measures in small- and medium-sized cities in Austria

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