Climate adaptation and speciation: particular focus on reproductive barriers in<i>Ficedula</i>flycatchers

Qvarnström, Anna; Ålund, Murielle; McFarlane, S. Eryn; Sirkiä, Päivi M.

doi:10.1111/eva.12276

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the ability to cold-acclimate has a key role in shaping species distributions, particularly in determining altitudinal or latitudinal limits [5–7]. Strict thermal niches may restrict gene flow among populations adapted to different temperature regimes [8,9]. Consequently, adaptations that protect against temperature extremes may influence patterns of biodiversity and have important evolutionary implications in light of global climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi

et al. 2016

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Cold acclimation is a critical physiological adaptation for coping with seasonal cold. By increasing their cold tolerance individuals can remain active for longer at the onset of winter and can recover more quickly from a cold shock. In insects, despite many physiological studies, little is known about the genetic basis of cold acclimation. Recently, transcriptomic analyses in Drosophila virilis and D. montana revealed candidate genes for cold acclimation by identifying genes upregulated during exposure to cold. Here, we test the role of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Inos), in cold tolerance in D. montana using an RNAi approach. D. montana has a circumpolar distribution and overwinters as an adult in northern latitudes with extreme cold. We assessed cold tolerance of dsRNA knock-down flies using two metrics: chill-coma recovery time (CCRT) and mortality rate after cold acclimation. Injection of dsRNAInos did not alter CCRT, either overall or in interaction with the cold treatment, however it did induced cold-specific mortality, with high levels of mortality observed in injected flies acclimated at 5°C but not at 19°C. Overall, injection with dsRNAInos induced a temperature-sensitive mortality rate of over 60% in this normally cold-tolerant species. qPCR analysis confirmed that dsRNA injection successfully reduced gene expression of Inos. Thus, our results demonstrate the involvement of Inos in increasing cold tolerance in D. montana. The potential mechanisms involved by which Inos increases cold tolerance are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi

et al. 2016

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“…; Johannesson ; Qvarnström et al. ; Servedio ; Wellenreuther and Sánchez‐Guillén ), host–parasite interactions (Leftwich et al. ; Myers and Cory ), evolutionary change accompanying invasion (Aktipis ; Gillespie ; Haig et al.…”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Johannesson ; Sork ), and climate change (Aitken and Bemmels ; Qvarnström et al. ). Although there are undoubtedly some areas of evolutionary biology that have further than others to go to achieve gender equality, women are strong contributors to all subfields, from theory to genomics, from behaviour to systematics.…”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qvarnström et al. (), for example, investigate the possibility that adaptation to different climates may drive speciation, even if this divergence is difficult to detect morphologically. Servedio (), in her recent theoretical work, has explored the interplay between sexual selection and speciation, yielding many counterintuitive results that challenge our understanding of these processes (e.g.…”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…– Qvarnström et al. .Work done collaboratively ‘was treated as if it ‘didn't count’ towards my record, even for projects that I had initiated’ – Aktipis …”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women in evolution – highlighting the changing face of evolutionary biology

Wellenreuther

Otto

2015

Evolutionary Applications

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The face of science has changed. Women now feature alongside men at the forefront of many fields, and this is particularly true in evolutionary biology. This special issue celebrates the outstanding achievements and contributions of women in evolutionary biology, by highlighting a sample of their research and accomplishments. In addition to original research contributions, this collection of articles contains personal reflections to provide perspective and advice on succeeding as a woman in science. By showcasing the diversity and research excellence of women and drawing on their experiences, we wish to enhance the visibility of female scientists and provide inspiration as well as role models. These are exciting times for evolutionary biology, and the field is richer and stronger for the diversity of voices contributing to the field.

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Difference in plasticity of resting metabolic rate – the proximate explanation to different niche breadth in sympatricFicedulaflycatchers

McFarlane

Ålund

Sirkiä

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Variation in relative fitness of competing recently formed species across heterogeneous environments promotes coexistence. However, the physiological traits mediating such variation in relative fitness have rarely been identified. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is tightly associated with life history strategies, thermoregulation, diet use, and inhabited latitude and could therefore moderate differences in fitness responses to fluctuations in local environments, particularly when species have adapted to different climates in allopatry. We work in a long‐term study of collared (Ficedula albicollis) and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) in a recent hybrid zone located on the Swedish island of Öland in the Baltic Sea. Here, we explore whether differences in RMR match changes in relative performance of growing flycatcher nestlings across environmental conditions using an experimental approach. The fitness of pied flycatchers has previously been shown to be less sensitive to the mismatch between the peak in food abundance and nestling growth among late breeders. Here, we find that pied flycatcher nestlings have lower RMR in response to higher ambient temperatures (associated with low food availability). We also find that experimentally relaxed nestling competition is associated with an increased RMR in this species. In contrast, collared flycatcher nestlings did not vary their RMR in response to these environmental factors. Our results suggest that a more flexible nestling RMR in pied flycatchers is responsible for the better adaptation of pied flycatchers to the typical seasonal changes in food availability experienced in this hybrid zone. Generally, subtle physiological differences that have evolved when species were in allopatry may play an important role to patterns of competition, coexistence, or displacements between closely related species in secondary contact.

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Climate adaptation and speciation: particular focus on reproductive barriers inFicedulaflycatchers

Cited by 29 publications

References 154 publications

Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi

Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi

Women in evolution – highlighting the changing face of evolutionary biology

Difference in plasticity of resting metabolic rate – the proximate explanation to different niche breadth in sympatricFicedulaflycatchers

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