Clientelism, Corruption and Patronage in Greece: a Public Administration Approach

RETRACTED: Postmodern public administration theory: from Weber to the present day and back again?

“…Even in such strongly controlled organisations as the European Commission, with its strict hierarchy and rule-governed functioning, there are significant uncontrolled spheres where bureaucrats will act according to their individual sectional interests (self-interests and!or selfishness) rather than wider organisational goals and rules. In other words, the expanding role of bureaucracies in political decision-takingi increasingly provides an opportunity for bureaucracies to replace public interest with that of specific bureaucratic interest (Peters, 1995: 291-4;Papadoulis, 2000b).…”

“…Economists who simply neglect, or refuse to address, bureaucracy but instead consider it using market sensibilities, may be classified as public and/or rational choice or game theorists. For them the synonym of public bureaucracy is government (Blais and Dion, 1991, p.357;Lane, 1987;Migue and Belanger, 1974;Niskanen, 1971;Papadoulis, 2000b;Peters, 1995, p. 318;Raadschelders, 2000).…”

“…Political, public policy and public administration theories and sciences regard a public bureaucracy as a group of individuals and/or organisations which acts on the basis of the public interest and/or public will as articulated in political decisions and public policy laws, and not on the basis of personal interest or more cynical self-interest and/or selfishness. Unlike public or rational choice, political and public policy sciences separate public administration from bureaucracy, which consists of salaried permanent personnel and technocrats who act according to the Constitution and the will of their political rulers, mainly implementing public policies by serving the public, and acting on behalf of its interest (Papadoulis, 2000b).…”

Training Needs and Attitudes of Greek Educationalists on Good Autism Education Practice for Children on the Autism Spectrum

“…The cuts have resulted in phenomena like schools being shut down or forced to merge (leading to an increase in class size), teachers' salaries being reduced or teachers being encouraged to take early retirement. To add to this, party politics priorities coupled with clientelism lead to pronounced feelings of uncertainty and insecurity, in terms of the 'fate' of laws and policies [8]. Furthermore, despite the inclusion philosophy being in place, a significant improvement in the social status of people with disabilities has not yet been achieved and fair access to mainstream schools does not guarantee equal participation in education [1].…”

“…International Journal of Elementary Education 2021; 10(1): [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]…”