Client behavior in counseling and therapy sessions: Development of a pantheoretical measure.

Hill, Clara E.; Corbett, Mel; Kanitz, Bettina; Rios, Peggy; Lightsey, Richard; Gómez, María Beatriz

doi:10.1037/0022-0167.39.4.539

Cited by 62 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…Effect size (ES) = (sample mean -client's score)/sample SD. Insight (Hill et al, 1992) was rated by trained undergraduate judges for the Hill et al (2006) study using 9-point scales (9 = high). Dream Salience (Hill et al, in press) and Attitude Toward Dreams (Hill et al, 2001) were completed by clients presession using 5-point scales (5 = high).…”

Section: Appendix Table 1 Scores For the Three Cases Compared With Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clients also rated the underlying Target Problem (Hill et al, 2006) for both how they felt currently and how they retrospectively thought they felt before the session. Two weeks later (follow-up), clients reported how much time per day they spent thinking about their dream since the session and wrote an interpretation of the dream.Trained judges rated the insight into the presession, postexploration stage, and postinsight stage dream interpretations (Hill et al, 1992). In addition, the four authors coded all therapist interventions using the Helping Skills System (Hill, 2004b) and rated insight (Hill et al, 1992) in every client speaking turn by consensus.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Trained judges rated the insight into the presession, postexploration stage, and postinsight stage dream interpretations (Hill et al, 1992). In addition, the four authors coded all therapist interventions using the Helping Skills System (Hill, 2004b) and rated insight (Hill et al, 1992) in every client speaking turn by consensus.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the four authors coded all therapist interventions using the Helping Skills System (Hill, 2004b) and rated insight (Hill et al, 1992) in every client speaking turn by consensus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case studies of the attainment of insight in dream sessions: replication and extension

Knox

Hill

Hess

et al. 2008

Psychotherapy Research

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Abstract:To replicate and extend the Hill, case study of a client who attained insight in one session of dream work, the authors examined two additional single-session cases: one in which a client gained insight and another in which a client did not. The observations across all three cases suggest that the two clients who acquired insight had positive attitudes toward dreams; were motivated and involved in session; and were NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; this is the author's final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation at the bottom of the page.Psychotherapy Research, Vol. 18, No. 2 (March 2008): pg. 200-215. DOI. This article is © Taylor & Francis (Routledge) and permission has been granted for this version to appear in e-Publications@Marquette. Taylor & Francis (Routledge) does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Taylor & Francis (Routledge).2 nonresistant, trusting, and affectively present but not overwhelmed. The client who did not gain insight questioned the value of dreams and was resistant, untrusting, and emotionally overwhelmed. Therapist adherence and competence using the dream model, ability to manage counter-transference, and effective use of probes for insight distinguished the therapists whose clients gained insight from the therapist whose client did not.According to Frank and Frank (1991), the human need to make sense of events─to achieve insight─is as fundamental as the need for food and water. This need may be especially true for therapy clients, many of whom seek insight, which can be defined as follows: A client's expressing an understanding of something about him/herself and articulating patterns or reasons for behaviors, thoughts, or feelings; insight usually involves an ''aha'' experience in which the client perceives self or world in a new way; in addition, with insight the client takes appropriate responsibility rather than blaming others, using ''shoulds'' imposed from the outside world, or rationalizing. (Hill et al., 1992, pp. 548-549) Insight is, in fact, central to many approaches to psychotherapy. Psychoanalytically and psychodynamically oriented therapists perhaps most obviously (see Messer & McWilliams, 2006) consider insight a key component of their work, but insight is important in experiential (Pascual-Leone & Greenberg, 2006) and cognitive-behavioral (Holtforth et al., 2006) orientations as well. Regardless of theoretical orientation, then, insight likely plays a vital role in psychotherapy, and its acquisition may be a motivation for clients entering psychotherapy. Although research suggests that clients do develop insight, both during and as a result of therapy, there is little consistent evidence regarding how insight is actually achieved . Thus, a primary purpose of the current study was to learn more about how clients achieve insight.One therapeutic venue for examining insight attainment may be through dream work, bec...

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Section: Appendix Table 1 Scores For the Three Cases Compared With Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Case studies of the attainment of insight in dream sessions: replication and extension

Knox

Hill

Hess

et al. 2008

Psychotherapy Research

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“…A review of individual psychotherapy process and outcome research (Goldfried, Greenberg, & Marmar, 1990) summarized the burgeoning repertoire of process descriptions and measures. Hill, Corbett, Kanitz, Rios, Lightsey, and Gomez (1992) added another review two years later.…”

Section: Overview Of Process and Outcome Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online counseling: dynamics of process and assessment

Mallen

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In‐session behaviours and adolescents' self‐concept and loneliness: A psychodrama process–outcome study

Orkibi

Azoulay

Snir

et al. 2017

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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As adolescents spend many hours a day in school, it is crucial to examine the ways in which therapeutic practices in schools promote their well-being. This longitudinal pilot study examined the contribution of school-based psychodrama group therapy to the self-concept dimensions and perceived loneliness of 40 Israeli adolescents (aged 13-16, 60% boys) in public middle schools. From a process-outcome perspective, we also examined the understudied trajectory of adolescents' in-session behaviours (process variables) and its associations with changes in their self-concepts and loneliness (outcome variables). Psychodrama participants reported increases in global, social, and behavioural self-concepts and a decrease in loneliness compared to the control group. In-session productive behaviours increased and resistance decreased throughout the therapy, but varied process-outcome relationships were found. The study suggests that conducting further research into the process-outcome relationships in psychodrama group therapy is warranted to pinpoint specific mechanisms of change. Suggestions for future studies are provided.

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Client behavior in counseling and therapy sessions: Development of a pantheoretical measure.

Cited by 62 publications

References 23 publications

Case studies of the attainment of insight in dream sessions: replication and extension

Case studies of the attainment of insight in dream sessions: replication and extension

Online counseling: dynamics of process and assessment

In‐session behaviours and adolescents' self‐concept and loneliness: A psychodrama process–outcome study

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